[英]How is Python's glob.glob ordered?
I have written the following Python code:我编写了以下 Python 代码:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os, glob
path = '/home/my/path'
for infile in glob.glob( os.path.join(path, '*.png') ):
print infile
Now I get this:现在我明白了:
/home/my/path/output0352.png
/home/my/path/output0005.png
/home/my/path/output0137.png
/home/my/path/output0202.png
/home/my/path/output0023.png
/home/my/path/output0048.png
/home/my/path/output0069.png
/home/my/path/output0246.png
/home/my/path/output0071.png
/home/my/path/output0402.png
/home/my/path/output0230.png
/home/my/path/output0182.png
/home/my/path/output0121.png
/home/my/path/output0104.png
/home/my/path/output0219.png
/home/my/path/output0226.png
/home/my/path/output0215.png
/home/my/path/output0266.png
/home/my/path/output0347.png
/home/my/path/output0295.png
/home/my/path/output0131.png
/home/my/path/output0208.png
/home/my/path/output0194.png
In which way is it ordered?以何种方式订购?
To clarify: I am not interested in ordering - I know sorted
.澄清一下:我对订购不感兴趣 - 我知道sorted
。 I want to know in which order it comes by default.我想知道默认情况下它的顺序。
It might help you to get my ls -l output:它可能会帮助您获得我的 ls -l output:
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 627669 2011-07-17 17:26 output0005.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 596417 2011-07-17 17:26 output0023.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 543639 2011-07-17 17:26 output0048.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 535384 2011-07-17 17:27 output0069.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 543216 2011-07-17 17:27 output0071.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 561776 2011-07-17 17:27 output0104.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 501865 2011-07-17 17:27 output0121.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 547144 2011-07-17 17:27 output0131.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 530596 2011-07-17 17:27 output0137.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 532567 2011-07-17 17:27 output0182.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 553562 2011-07-17 17:27 output0194.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 574065 2011-07-17 17:27 output0202.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 552197 2011-07-17 17:27 output0208.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 559809 2011-07-17 17:27 output0215.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 549046 2011-07-17 17:27 output0219.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 566661 2011-07-17 17:27 output0226.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 561678 2011-07-17 17:27 output0246.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 525550 2011-07-17 17:27 output0266.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 565715 2011-07-17 17:27 output0295.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 568381 2011-07-17 17:28 output0347.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 532768 2011-07-17 17:28 output0352.png
-rw-r--r-- 1 moose moose 535818 2011-07-17 17:28 output0402.png
It is not ordered by filename or size.它不是按文件名或大小排序的。
Order is arbitrary, but you can sort them yourself顺序是任意的,但你可以自己排序
If you want sorted by name:如果要按名称排序:
sorted(glob.glob('*.png'))
sorted by modification time:按修改时间排序:
import os
sorted(glob.glob('*.png'), key=os.path.getmtime)
sorted by size:按大小排序:
import os
sorted(glob.glob('*.png'), key=os.path.getsize)
etc.等等
It is probably not sorted at all and uses the order at which entries appear in the filesystem, ie the one you get when using ls -U
.它可能根本没有排序,并使用条目出现在文件系统中的顺序,即使用ls -U
时得到的顺序。 (At least on my machine this produces the same order as listing glob
matches). (至少在我的机器上,这会产生与列出glob
匹配相同的顺序)。
By checking the source code of glob.glob
you see that it internally calls os.listdir
, described here:通过检查glob.glob
的源代码,您会看到它在内部调用os.listdir
,如下所述:
http://docs.python.org/library/os.html?highlight=os.listdir#os.listdir http://docs.python.org/library/os.html?highlight=os.listdir#os.listdir
Key sentence: os.listdir(path) Return a list containing the names of the entries in the directory given by path.关键语句: os.listdir(path) 返回一个列表,其中包含路径给定的目录中条目的名称。 The list is in arbitrary order.该列表是任意顺序的。 It does not include the special entries '.'它不包括特殊条目“。” and '..' even if they are present in the directory.和 '..' 即使它们存在于目录中。
Arbitrary order .任意顺序。 :) :)
Order is arbitrary, but there are several ways to sort them.顺序是任意的,但有几种方法可以对它们进行排序。 One of them is as following:其中之一如下:
#First, get the files:
import glob
import re
files =glob.glob1(img_folder,'*'+output_image_format)
# if you want sort files according to the digits included in the filename, you can do as following:
files = sorted(files, key=lambda x:float(re.findall("(\d+)",x)[0]))
glob.glob() is a wrapper around os.listdir() so the underlaying OS is in charge for delivering the data. glob.glob() 是 os.listdir() 的包装器,因此底层操作系统负责传递数据。 In general: you can not make an assumption on the ordering here.一般来说:您不能对此处的排序做出假设。 The basic assumption is: no ordering.基本假设是:没有排序。 If you need some sorting: sort on the application level.如果您需要一些排序:在应用程序级别排序。
I had a similar issue, glob
was returning a list of file names in an arbitrary order but I wanted to step through them in numerical order as indicated by the file name.我有一个类似的问题, glob
正在以任意顺序返回文件名列表,但我想按照文件名指示的数字顺序逐步浏览它们。 This is how I achieved it:这就是我实现它的方式:
My files were returned by glob
something like:我的文件由glob
返回,例如:
myList = ["c:\tmp\x\123.csv", "c:\tmp\x\44.csv", "c:\tmp\x\101.csv", "c:\tmp\x\102.csv", "c:\tmp\x\12.csv"]
I sorted the list in place, to do this I created a function:我对列表进行了排序,为此我创建了一个 function:
def sortKeyFunc(s):
return int(os.path.basename(s)[:-4])
This function returns the numeric part of the file name and converts to an integer.I then called the sort method on the list as such:这个 function 返回文件名的数字部分并转换为 integer.I 然后调用列表中的排序方法,如下所示:
myList.sort(key=sortKeyFunc)
This returned a list as such:这返回了一个列表:
["c:\tmp\x\12.csv", "c:\tmp\x\44.csv", "c:\tmp\x\101.csv", "c:\tmp\x\102.csv", "c:\tmp\x\123.csv"]
From @Johan La Rooy's solution, sorting the images using sorted(glob.glob('*.png'))
does not work for me, the output list is still not ordered by their names.从@Johan La Rooy 的解决方案中,使用sorted(glob.glob('*.png'))
对图像进行排序对我不起作用,output 列表仍然没有按名称排序。
However, the sorted(glob.glob('*.png'), key=os.path.getmtime)
works perfectly.但是, sorted(glob.glob('*.png'), key=os.path.getmtime)
工作得很好。
I am a bit confused how can sorting by their names does not work here.我有点困惑如何按他们的名字排序在这里不起作用。
Thank @Martin Thoma for posting this great question and @Johan La Rooy for the helpful solutions.感谢@Martin Thoma 发布这个好问题,感谢@Johan La Rooy 提供有用的解决方案。
If you're wondering about what glob.glob has done on your system in the past and cannot add a sorted
call, the ordering will be consistent on Mac HFS+ filesystems and will be traversal order on other Unix systems.如果您想知道 glob.glob 过去在您的系统上做了什么并且无法添加sorted
调用,则顺序将在Mac HFS+ 文件系统上保持一致,并且在其他 Unix 系统上将是遍历顺序。 So it will likely have been deterministic unless the underlying filesystem was reorganized which can happen if files were added, removed, renamed, deleted, moved, etc...因此,除非底层文件系统被重新组织,否则它可能是确定性的,如果文件被添加、删除、重命名、删除、移动等,可能会发生这种情况......
At least in Python3 you also can do this:至少在 Python3 中你也可以这样做:
import os, re, glob
path = '/home/my/path'
files = glob.glob(os.path.join(path, '*.png'))
files.sort(key=lambda x:[int(c) if c.isdigit() else c for c in re.split(r'(\d+)', x)])
for infile in files:
print(infile)
This should lexicographically order your input array of strings (eg respect numbers in strings while ordering).这应该按字典顺序对您的输入字符串数组进行排序(例如,在排序时尊重字符串中的数字)。
I used the built in sorted so solve this problem:我使用了内置的 sorted 来解决这个问题:
from pathlib import Path
p = Path('/home/my/path')
sorted(list(p.glob('**/*.png')))
Please try this code:请尝试以下代码:
sorted(glob.glob( os.path.join(path, '*.png') ),key=lambda x:float(re.findall("([0-9]+?)\.png",x)[0]))
'''my file name is
"0_male_0.wav", "0_male_2.wav"... "0_male_30.wav"...
"1_male_0.wav", "1_male_2.wav"... "1_male_30.wav"...
"8_male_0.wav", "8_male_2.wav"... "8_male_30.wav"
when I wav.read(files) I want to read them in a sorted torder, i.e., "0_male_0.wav"
"0_male_1.wav"
"0_male_2.wav" ...
"0_male_30.wav"
"1_male_0.wav"
"1_male_1.wav"
"1_male_2.wav" ...
"1_male_30.wav"
so this is how I did it.
Just take all files start with "0_*" as an example. Others you can just put it in a loop
'''
import scipy.io.wavfile as wav
import glob
from os.path import isfile, join
#get all the file names in file_names. THe order is totally messed up
file_names = [f for f in listdir(audio_folder_dir) if isfile(join(audio_folder_dir, f)) and '.wav' in f]
#find files that belongs to "0_*" group
filegroup0 = glob.glob(audio_folder_dir+'/0_*')
#now you get sorted files in group '0_*' by the last number in the filename
filegroup0 = sorted(filegroup0, key=getKey)
def getKey(filename):
file_text_name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filename)) #you get the file's text name without extension
file_last_num = os.path.basename(file_text_name[0]).split('_') #you get three elements, the last one is the number. You want to sort it by this number
return int(file_last_num[2])
That's how I did my particular case.这就是我做我的特殊情况的方式。 Hope it's helpful.希望它有帮助。
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