在 c++ 中创建结构数组

Question

I'm trying to create an array of structs. Is the code below valid? I keep getting an expected primary-expression before '{' token error.

 int main() { int pause; struct Customer { int uid; string name; }; Customer customerRecords[2]; customerRecords[0] = {25, "Bob Jones"}; customerRecords[1] = {26, "Jim Smith"}; cin >> pause; return 0; }

Answer 1

Try this:

 Customer customerRecords[2] = {{25, "Bob Jones"}, {26, "Jim Smith"}};

Answer 2

You can't use an initialization-list for a struct after it's been initialized. You've already default-initialized the two Customer structs when you declared the array customerRecords . Therefore you're going to have either use member-access syntax to set the value of the non-static data members, initialize the structs using a list of initialization lists when you declare the array itself, or you can create a constructor for your struct and use the default operator= member function to initialize the array members.

So either of the following could work:

 Customer customerRecords[2]; customerRecords[0].uid = 25; customerRecords[0].name = "Bob Jones"; customerRecords[1].uid = 25; customerRecords[1].namem = "Jim Smith";

Or if you defined a constructor for your struct like:

 Customer::Customer(int id, string input_name): uid(id), name(input_name) {}

You could then do:

 Customer customerRecords[2]; customerRecords[0] = Customer(25, "Bob Jones"); customerRecords[1] = Customer(26, "Jim Smith");

Or you could do the sequence of initialization lists that Tuomas used in his answer. The reason his initialization-list syntax works is because you're actually initializing the Customer structs at the time of the declaration of the array, rather than allowing the structs to be default-initialized which takes place whenever you declare an aggregate data-structure like an array.

Answer 3

Some compilers support compound literals as an extention, allowing this construct:

 Customer customerRecords[2]; customerRecords[0] = (Customer){25, "Bob Jones"}; customerRecords[1] = (Customer){26, "Jim Smith"};

But it's rather unportable.

Answer 4

It works perfectly. I have gcc compiler C++11 ready. Try this and you'll see:

 #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int pause; struct Customer { int uid; string name; }; Customer customerRecords[2]; customerRecords[0] = {25, "Bob Jones"}; customerRecords[1] = {26, "Jim Smith"}; cout << customerRecords[0].uid << " " << customerRecords[0].name << endl; cout << customerRecords[1].uid << " " << customerRecords[1].name << endl; cin >> pause; return 0; }

Answer 5

you can use vector. First Define the Struct.

 struct Customer { int uid; string name; };

Then,

 vector<Customer> array_of_customers;

By using vector, you will have more freedom and access in the array of structure.

Now if want to add an struct element in the define array. You can use

array_of_customer.push_pack(/* struct element here */)

Example:

 Customer customer1; customer1.uid = 01; customer1.name = "John Doe"; Customer customer2; customer2.uid = 02; customer2.name = "Blah Blah"; array_of_customers.push_back(customer1); array_of_customers.push_back(customer2);

you have now an array of struct.