将 SQL 转储导入 PostgreSQL 数据库

Question

We are switching hosts and the old one provided a SQL dump of the PostgreSQL database of our site.

Now, I'm trying to set this up on a local WAMP server to test this.

The only problem is that I don't have an idea how to import this database in the PostgreSQL 9 that I have set up.

I tried pgAdmin III but I can't seem to find an 'import' function. So I just opened the SQL editor and pasted the contents of the dump there and executed it, it creates the tables but it keeps giving me errors when it tries to put the data in it.

ERROR:  syntax error at or near "t"
LINE 474: t 2011-05-24 16:45:01.768633 2011-05-24 16:45:01.768633 view...

The lines:
COPY tb_abilities (active, creation, modtime, id, lang, title, description) FROM stdin;
t   2011-05-24 16:45:01.768633  2011-05-24 16:45:01.768633  view    nl ...  

I've also tried to do this with the command prompt but I can't find the command that I need.

If I do

psql mydatabase < C:/database/db-backup.sql;

I get the error

ERROR:  syntax error at or near "psql"
LINE 1: psql mydatabase < C:/database/db-backu...
        ^

What's the best way to import the database?

Answer 1

psql databasename < data_base_dump

That's the command you are looking for.

Beware: databasename must be created before importing. Have a look at the PostgreSQL Docs Chapter 23. Backup and Restore .

Answer 2

这是您正在寻找的命令。

psql -h hostname -d databasename -U username -f file.sql

Answer 3

我相信你想在 psql 中运行：

\i C:/database/db-backup.sql

Answer 4

这对我有用：

sudo -u postgres psql db_name < 'file_path'

Answer 5

I'm not sure if this works for the OP's situation, but I found that running the following command in the interactive console was the most flexible solution for me:

\i 'path/to/file.sql'

Just make sure you're already connected to the correct database. This command executes all of the SQL commands in the specified file.

Answer 6

效果很好，在命令行中，所有参数都是必需的，-W 用于密码

psql -h localhost -U user -W -d database_name -f path/to/file.sql

Answer 7

Just for funsies, if your dump is compressed you can do something like

gunzip -c filename.gz | psql dbname

As Jacob mentioned, the PostgreSQL docs describe all this quite well.

Answer 8

I use:

cat /home/path/to/dump/file | psql -h localhost -U <user_name> -d <db_name>

Hope this will help someone.

Answer 9

make sure the database you want to import to is created, then you can import the dump with

sudo -u postgres -i psql testdatabase < db-structure.sql

If you want to overwrite the whole database, first drop the database

# be sure you drop the right database !!!
#sudo -u postgres -i psql -c "drop database testdatabase;"

and then recreate it with

sudo -u postgres -i psql -c "create database testdatabase;"

Answer 10

I tried many different solutions for restoring my postgres backup. I ran into permission denied problems on MacOS, no solutions seemed to work.

Here's how I got it to work:

Postgres comes with Pgadmin4. If you use macOS you can press CMD + SPACE and type pgadmin4 to run it. This will open up a browser tab in chrome.

If you run into errors getting pgadmin4 to work, try killall pgAdmin4 in your terminal, then try again.

---

Steps to getting pgadmin4 + backup/restore

1. Create the backup

Do this by rightclicking the database -> "backup"

2. Give the file a name.

Like test12345 . Click backup. This creates a binary file dump, it's not in a .sql format

3. See where it downloaded

There should be a popup at the bottomright of your screen. Click the "more details" page to see where your backup downloaded to

4. Find the location of downloaded file

In this case, it's /users/vincenttang

5. Restore the backup from pgadmin

Assuming you did steps 1 to 4 correctly, you'll have a restore binary file. There might come a time your coworker wants to use your restore file on their local machine. Have said person go to pgadmin and restore

Do this by rightclicking the database -> "restore"

6. Select file finder

Make sure to select the file location manually, DO NOT drag and drop a file onto the uploader fields in pgadmin. Because you will run into error permissions. Instead, find the file you just created:

7. Find said file

You might have to change the filter at bottomright to "All files". Find the file thereafter, from step 4. Now hit the bottomright "Select" button to confirm

8. Restore said file

You'll see this page again, with the location of the file selected. Go ahead and restore it

9. Success

If all is good, the bottom right should popup an indicator showing a successful restore. You can navigate over to your tables to see if the data has been restored propery on each table.

10. If it wasn't successful:

Should step 9 fail, try deleting your old public schema on your database. Go to "Query Tool"

Execute this code block:

DROP SCHEMA public CASCADE; CREATE SCHEMA public;

Now try steps 5 to 9 again, it should work out

Summary

This is how I had to backup/restore my backup on Postgres, when I had error permission issues and could not log in as a superuser. Or set credentials for read/write using chmod for folders. This workflow works for a binary file dump default of "Custom" from pgadmin. I assume .sql is the same way, but I have not yet tested that

Answer 11

我注意到许多示例对于 localhost 来说过于复杂，其中在许多情况下只存在没有密码的 postgres 用户：

psql -d db_name -f dump.sql

Answer 12

You can do it in pgadmin3. Drop the schema(s) that your dump contains. Then right-click on the database and choose Restore. Then you can browse for the dump file.

Answer 13

Follow the steps:

1. Go psql shell
2. \\c db_name
3. \\i path_of_dump [eg:-C:/db_name.pgsql]

Answer 14

如果您使用带有.dump扩展名的文件， .dump使用：

pg_restore -h hostname -d dbname -U username filename.dump

Answer 15

您应该使用pg_restore ：

$ pg_restore -h hostname -d dbname -U username filename.sql

Answer 16

Postgresql12

from sql file: pg_restore -d database < file.sql

from custom format file: pg_restore -Fc database < file.dump

Answer 17

I had more than 100MB data, therefore I could not restore database using Pgadmin4.

I used simply postgres client, and write below command.

postgres@khan:/$ pg_restore -d database_name /home/khan/Downloads/dump.sql

It worked fine and took few seconds.You can see below link for more information. https://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.1/app-pgrestore.html

Answer 18

I used this

psql -d dbName -U username -f /home/sample.sql