如何使用值对列表[MVar a]进行排序？

Question

How can sort a [MVar a] list? using a as the element to compare in the sort. Eg:

sortList :: [MVar Int] -> [MVar Int]

I cannot think a ways without breaking other threads.

Update: I need to sort the list, because I want to implement a reference count like MVar and return always the one with least references. Something like:

getLeastUsed :: [MVar Int] -> MVar Int
getLeastUsed = head . sortList

And in the thread I want to increase the 'Int'.

Update: I was notice by answers that the rigth signature need IO because MVar

Answer 1

First of all, your type signature is impossible; reading an MVar is not referentially transparent (as should hopefully be obvious--that's what they're for !). This has two consequences:

• Your sort function must return an IO action
• The list will be sorted according to the values seen when each MVar was read; not only may it be invalid by the time you use the list, it may change halfway through such that the first value is out of date before you read the last value.

The former is unavoidable, and assuming the latter is acceptable for your purposes, you can do essentially what @hammar demonstrated.

However, given that the sorting will be quickly out of date, and that you seem to be mostly interested in the least element, you might find something like this more directly useful since there's little use to sorting otherwise:

import Control.Applicative
import Data.List
import Data.Ord

leastUsed :: [MVar Int] -> IO (MVar Int)
leastUsed vars = fst . minimumBy (comparing snd) . zip vars <$> mapM readMVar vars

Answer 2

The simplest approach would probably be to do a decorate-sort-undecorate where you first read out all the current values of the MVars and then sort using those as keys.

import Data.List (sortBy)
import Data.Ord (comparing)

sortList :: [MVar Int] -> IO [MVar Int]
sortList vars = do
    currentValues <- mapM readMVar vars
    return . map snd . sortBy (comparing fst) $ zip currentValues vars

Note that the resulting list may not be completely sorted since the values of the MVars may have changed since they were read. If you care about this, however, you should probably use a single MVar for the whole list.