制作JFrame和Observable对象

Question

I have a class let's say MyJFrame which represent the GUI of my application. It implements the interface Observer and override the method update .

public class MyJFrame extends JFrame implements Observer{
  ...
  public void update(Observable arg0, Object arg1){
     ...
  }
}

Now I want to make also my JFram an Observable object but I can't because it already extend the class JFrame . I tried to create a variable of type Observable in my class.

public class MyJFrame extends JFrame implements Observer{
  Observable observable = new Observable();

The problem here is that I can add Observer to this observable field and I can also notify the observer but I cannot invoke the method setChanghed() (because it is declared as protected) which has to be called before the notification.

Do you have any idea about I can implement it?

Thanks!!

Answer 1

I think many here, myself included use the Observer Design Pattern without using Java's formal Observer/Observable interface/class, and there are many ways to implement this, especially in Swing. Probably the most flexible is to use PropertyChangeSupport with PropertyChangeListeners which is how SwingWorkers implement this. Another is to use the very basic ChangeListener interface.

If you need more specific help, please provide more detail on your problem and likely we can offer suggestions.

Edit 1
This also alights on a separate but important issue that's suggested by the description of your program: your GUI class extending JFrame. Many here (again myself included) recommend that you should avoid doing this unless your code alters the intrinsic behavior of JFrame -- that is that your class overrides one or more of JFrame's methods. This is a small sub-discussion in the much greater discussion on which is better: enhancing classes through inheritance or through composition.

For example: Prefer composition over inheritance?

Edit 2
Next unrequested recommendation: I try to gear my GUI code toward creating JPanels rather than JFrames. This way if I want to display my GUI as a stand-alone GUI, I simply create a JFrame on the fly, place my gui's JPanel into the JFrame's contentPane, pack the JFrame and display it. I do the same procedure if I want to place the gui into a JDialog, a JApplet, a JOptionPane, or also in a CardLayout using container, another JPanel,... . This gives me tremendous flexibility in how I use my gui's.

Answer 2

扩展Observable并声明setChanged() public。

Answer 3

This will do it.

public class MyJFrame extends JFrame implements Observer {
    private static class MyObservable extends Observable {
        @Override
        public void setChanged() {
            super.setChanged();
        }
    }
    private final MyObservable observable = new MyObservable();

    // rest of your code
}