[英]How to read the second-to-last line in a file using Bash?
I have a file that has the following as the last three lines.我有一个文件,其中最后三行如下。 I want to retrieve the penultimate line, ie 100.000;8438; 06:46:12
我想检索倒数第二行,即100.000;8438; 06:46:12
100.000;8438; 06:46:12
. 100.000;8438; 06:46:12
。
.
.
.
99.900; 8423; 06:44:41
100.000;8438; 06:46:12
Number of patterns: 8438
I don't know the line number.我不知道行号。 How can I retrieve it using a shell script?如何使用 shell 脚本检索它? Thanks in advance for your help.在此先感谢您的帮助。
Try this:尝试这个:
tail -2 yourfile | head -1
A short sed one-liner inspired by https://stackoverflow.com/a/7671772/5287901受https://stackoverflow.com/a/7671772/5287901启发的短 sed 单线
sed -n 'x;$p'
Explanation:解释:
-n
quiet mode: dont automatically print the pattern space -n
安静模式:不自动打印模式空间x
: exchange the pattern space and the hold space (hold space now store the current line, and pattern space the previous line, if any) x
:交换模式空间和保持空间(保持空间现在存储当前行,模式空间存储上一行,如果有的话)$
: on the last line, p
: print the pattern space (the previous line, which in this case is the penultimate line). $
:在最后一行, p
:打印模式空间(上一行,在这种情况下是倒数第二行)。 ed
and sed
can do it as well. ed
和sed
也可以做到。
str='
99.900; 8423; 06:44:41
100.000;8438; 06:46:12
Number of patterns: 8438
'
printf '%s' "$str" | sed -n -e '${x;1!p;};h' # print last line but one
printf '%s\n' H '$-1p' q | ed -s <(printf '%s' "$str") # same
printf '%s\n' H '$-2,$-1p' q | ed -s <(printf '%s' "$str") # print last line but two
Use this用这个
tail -2 <filename> | head -1
From: Useful sed one-liners by Eric Pement来自:Eric Pement的有用 sed单线
# print the next-to-the-last line of a file
sed -e '$!{h;d;}' -e x # for 1-line files, print blank line
sed -e '1{$q;}' -e '$!{h;d;}' -e x # for 1-line files, print the line
sed -e '1{$d;}' -e '$!{h;d;}' -e x # for 1-line files, print nothing
You don't need all of them, just pick one.您不需要所有这些,只需选择一个。
To clarify what has already been said:为了澄清已经说过的话:
ec2thisandthat | sort -k 5 | grep 2012- | awk '{print $2}' | tail -2 | head -1
snap-e8317883
snap-9c7227f7
snap-5402553f
snap-3e7b2c55
snap-246b3c4f
snap-546a3d3f
snap-2ad48241
snap-d00150bb
returns返回
snap-2ad48241
tac <file> | sed -n '2p'
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