通过套接字发送和接收数组

Question

Is it possible to send an array through UDP Sockets using Python? I am using Python 2.5 and trying to send a simple array but it's not working. It can send the array successfully but when I try to print it with an item of the array the program crashes. I'm not sure what the error is as I take the precaution of converting the data into an array but it's not working. Hope I explained the problem as clearly as possible. I would appreciate the help!

# Client program

from socket import *
import numpy
from array import*

# Set the socket parameters
host = "localhost"
port = 21567
buf = 4096
addr = (host,port)

# Create socket
UDPSock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)

def_msg = "===Enter message to send to server===";
print "\n",def_msg
a = array('i',[1,3,2])
# Send messages
while (1):
    data = raw_input('yes or now')
    if data!= "yes":
        break
    else:
        if(UDPSock.sendto(a,addr)):
            print "Sending message"

# Close socket
UDPSock.close()



# Server program

from socket import *

# Set the socket parameters
host = "localhost"
port = 21567
buf = 4096
addr = (host,port)

# Create socket and bind to address
UDPSock = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM)
UDPSock.bind(addr)

# Receive messages
while 1:
    data,addr = UDPSock.recvfrom(buf)
    L = eval(data)
    if not data:
        print "Client has exited!"
        break
    else:
        print "\nReceived message '", L[1],"'"

# Close socket
UDPSock.close()

Answer 1

eval is doing something completely different than what you think.

To send data over network, you need to serialize it into an array of bytes, then deserialize it back. In Python, serialization of most objects can be done via pickle module:

if (UDPSock.sendto( pickle.dumps(a), addr)):

Deserialization:

data,addr = UDPSock.recvfrom(buf)
L = pickle.loads(data)
print repr(L) # prints array('i', [1, 3, 2])

Answer 2

我个人会使用tostring和fromstring因为内置的序列化方法要快很多倍，而pickle 可能不支持 NaN，Inf和其他未定义的值。

Answer 3

You're trying to send a python object through a socket, it is normal that it doesn't work, you can't send objects in a socket, objects are not data, they are the representation of some data in a given programming language. You need to "translate" your object to data and re-create the object from the data on the other socket's side. One way to do this would be with the pickle module.

On the client side, you "pickle" the object:

data = pickle.dumps(my_array)

And on the server side, you "unpickle" the received data:

my_array = pickle.loads(received_data)

Answer 4

You could try to pickle the array. Pickle is a python library to en- and decode python objects. It is able to do much more, but it is definitely sufficient to fulfill your task:

on the sender side you pickle the object to a string:

pickled_string = pickle.dumps(a)

on the receiver side you unpickle the object:

a = pickle.loads(received_string)
# a is now your sent array

Answer 5

It has been a while since this question was asked, but I thought it's worth sharing the jsonsocket library . It makes it really easy to send strings, lists and dictionaries over sockets. It can handle big amounts of data efficiently. And you don't need to do any manual serialization/deserialization. Under the hood, it serializes the data as JSON strings on the client, and deserializes it on the server.

Answer 6

If you don't need UDP specifically, try zmqObjectExchanger ( https://github.com/ZdenekM/zmq_object_exchanger ). It wraps pickle and zmq to transfer python objects over TCP.