如何在 javascript 中收听表单提交事件？

Question

I wanna write my own form validation javascript library and I've been looking on google how to detect if a submit button is clicked but all I found is code where you have to use onClick on onSubmit="function()" in html.

I would like to make this javascript so that I don't have to touch any html code like adding onSubmit or onClick javascript.

Answer 1

Why do people always use jQuery when it isn't necessary?
Why can't people just use simple JavaScript?

var ele = /*Your Form Element*/;
if(ele.addEventListener){
    ele.addEventListener("submit", callback, false);  //Modern browsers
}else if(ele.attachEvent){
    ele.attachEvent('onsubmit', callback);            //Old IE
}

callback is a function that you want to call when the form is being submitted.

About EventTarget.addEventListener , check out this documentation on MDN .

To cancel the native submit event (prevent the form from being submitted), use .preventDefault() in your callback function,

document.querySelector("#myForm").addEventListener("submit", function(e){
    if(!isValid){
        e.preventDefault();    //stop form from submitting
    }
});

---

Listening to the submit event with libraries

If for some reason that you've decided a library is necessary (you're already using one or you don't want to deal with cross-browser issues), here's a list of ways to listen to the submit event in common libraries:

1. jQuery

    $(ele).submit(callback);

   Where ele is the form element reference, and callback being the callback function reference. Reference

 <iframe width="100%" height="100%" src="http://jsfiddle.net/DerekL/wnbo1hq0/show" frameborder="0"></iframe>

2. AngularJS (1.x)

    <form ng-submit="callback()"> $scope.callback = function(){ /*...*/ };

   Very straightforward, where $scope is the scope provided by the framework inside your controller . Reference

3. React

   <form onSubmit={this.handleSubmit}> class YourComponent extends Component { // stuff handleSubmit(event) { // do whatever you need here // if you need to stop the submit event and // perform/dispatch your own actions event.preventDefault(); } // more stuff }

   Simply pass in a handler to the onSubmit prop. Reference

4. Other frameworks/libraries

   Refer to the documentation of your framework.

---

Validation

You can always do your validation in JavaScript, but with HTML5 we also have native validation.

<!-- Must be a 5 digit number -->
<input type="number" required pattern="\d{5}">

You don't even need any JavaScript! Whenever native validation is not supported, you can fallback to a JavaScript validator.

Demo: http://jsfiddle.net/DerekL/L23wmo1L/

Answer 2

See Derek's answer , which should now be the accepted answer. It includes everything this answer had included and more.

(I tried to delete this answer after Derek updated his to include library examples, but with the green checkmark, SO won't let me)

Answer 3

This is the simplest way you can have your own javascript function be called when an onSubmit occurs.

HTML

<form>
    <input type="text" name="name">
    <input type="submit" name="submit">
</form>

JavaScript

window.onload = function() {
    var form = document.querySelector("form");
    form.onsubmit = submitted.bind(form);
}

function submitted(event) {
    event.preventDefault();
}

Answer 4

Based on your requirements you can also do the following without libraries like jQuery:

Add this to your head:

window.onload = function () {
    document.getElementById("frmSubmit").onsubmit = function onSubmit(form) {
        var isValid = true;
        //validate your elems here
        isValid = false;

        if (!isValid) {
            alert("Please check your fields!");
            return false;
        }
        else {
            //you are good to go
            return true;
        }
    }
}

And your form may still look something like:

    <form id="frmSubmit" action="/Submit">
        <input type="submit" value="Submit" />
    </form>

Answer 5

If you have multiple forms in same page & you wants to handle submit event Listener without using Id

jQuery

$('form').submit(function (event) {
    targetObj = event.target;
    // do your logic
});

---

Pure JavaScript trick

Onload just do below way.

for(var i=0; i<document.forms.length; i++){
    var form = document.forms[i];
    form.addEventListener("submit", myListener,false);
}

credit :- Multiple Form Submit Event Listener Handling using JavaScript credit goes to Jan Pfeifer's Answer on StackOverflow Community

I hope this helps to someone

Answer 6

With jQuery:

$('form').submit(function () {
    // Validate here

    if (pass)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
});