MySQL 更改表修改列在具有空值的行中失败

Question

I have a table with about 10K rows, which I am trying to alter so that the field fielddelimiter is never null. I am attempting to do an alter statement, expecting any null values to be changed to the default value, but I get an error back from the sql statement.

alter table merchant_ftp_account modify column `fielddelimiter` char(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 't';

17:08:48  [ALTER - 0 row(s), 0.000 secs]  [Error Code: 1265, SQL State: 01000]  Data truncated for column 'fielddelimiter' at row 3987
... 1 statement(s) executed, 0 row(s) affected, exec/fetch time: 0.000/0.000 sec  [0 successful, 0 warnings, 1 errors]

As I understand it this means that the data exceeds the field size at this row, but (a) the data in the field is (null) at that row, and (b) I am able to update that row directly with the value 't', and I don't get a truncation error. If I update that row with a nonnull value and try to re-run the alter statement, it fails at the next row where fielddelimiter is null. [ETA: I get that MySQL could update in any direction, but I can actually track its progress as I change rows.]

There's a warning in the MySQL docs:

Warning This conversion may result in alteration of data. For example, if you shorten a
string column, values may be truncated. To prevent the operation from succeeding if
conversions to the new data type would result in loss of data, enable strict SQL mode
before using ALTER TABLE (see Section 5.1.6, “Server SQL Modes”).

But the values that it's supposedly truncating are nulls. Can anybody explain to me what is going on here? And how to resolve it?

[ETA: The existing fielddelimiter field definition is char(1) (allows nulls, no default value), so it should not have values > 1 char, and a select confirms that it does not. The distinct values in the field are NULL, '' (empty string), 'p', 't', and 'y'.]

Answer 1

I have just encountered this error, and it seems the solution was to use the IGNORE statement:

ALTER IGNORE TABLE `table` CHANGE COLUMN `col` `col` int(11) NOT NULL;

Note that you may still have data truncation issues, so be sure this is the desired result. Using the IGNORE statement it will suppress the data truncated errors for NULL values in columns (and possibly other errors!!!)

Answer 2

If your column has NULL values, you can't alter it to be "NON NULL". Change the NULL values first to something else, then try it.

Answer 3

First remove any null values

UPDATE merchant_ftp_account SET fielddelimiter='t' WHERE fielddelimiter IS NULL;

Then

ALTER TABLE merchant_ftp_account MODIFY COLUMN `fielddelimiter` char(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 't';

Answer 4

In my case I was setting the column to NOT NULL

ALTER TABLE `request_info` 
CHANGE COLUMN `col_2` `col_2` 
VARCHAR(2000) 
NOT NULL -- here was setting it to NULL when the existing col allowed NULL
AFTER `col_1`

when previously I set the column to DEFAULT NULL (ie allow NULL values), so if you want to allow NULL then you can do the following:

ALTER TABLE `request_info` 
CHANGE COLUMN `col_2` `col_2` 
VARCHAR(2000) 
DEFAULT NULL -- changed from NOT --> DEFAULT 
AFTER `col_1`