错误：安装 ffi 时出错：错误：无法构建 gem 本机扩展

Question

Got the DevKit installed and re-ran the ffi install….got this as an output:

C:\Documents and Settings\******>gem install ffi
Temporarily enhancing PATH to include DevKit...
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing ffi:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        C:/Ruby192/bin/ruby.exe extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... no
checking for ffi.h in /usr/local/include... no
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for ruby_thread_has_gvl_p()... yes
checking for ruby_native_thread_p()... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_with_gvl()... yes
creating extconf.h
creating Makefile
make
C:/Ruby192/bin/ruby -e "puts 'EXPORTS', 'Init_ffi_c'"  > ffi_c-i386-mingw32.def
gcc -I. -IC:/Ruby192/include/ruby-1.9.1/i386-mingw32 -I/C/Ruby192/include/ruby-1
.9.1/ruby/backward -I/C/Ruby192/include/ruby-1.9.1 -I. -DRUBY_EXTCONF_H=\"extcon
f.h\"    -O3 -g -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wpointer-arith -
Wwrite-strings -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wno-long-long -Wno-declaration-a
fter-statement   -o AbstractMemory.o -c AbstractMemory.c
In file included from AbstractMemory.c:28:0:
compat.h:65:20: warning: extra tokens at end of #ifndef directive
compat.h:69:24: warning: extra tokens at end of #ifndef directive
In file included from AbstractMemory.h:29:0,
                 from AbstractMemory.c:29:
Types.h:68:17: fatal error: ffi.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [AbstractMemory.o] Error 1 

Gem files will remain installed in C:/Ruby192/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.1
0 for inspection.
Results logged to C:/Ruby192/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ffi-1.0.10/ext/ffi_c/gem_m
ake.out
_________________________________________________________________________________

Not sure how to deal with this issue. Kindly help.

Answer 1

The gem install ffi fails due to the gem trying to build a bundled copy of libffi, which does not work due to assumptions that /usr/bin/env exists and too old libffi copy.

However, you can build the ffi gem against the system libffi - install the packages:

apt install clang make ruby-dev libffi-dev

After that the ffi gem should build:

gem install ffi

Answer 2

Version 1.0.10 has issues compiling on windows.

You can use the 1.0.9

gem install ffi --version='1.0.9'

Answer 3

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

这对我有用

Answer 4

For me the fix was running in this order. I'm not sure what all was relevant, but it worked:

gem install ffi --version '1.0.9'

The above failed, but then I could successfully run:

gem install bundler

...and subsequently:

gem install ffi

...which got the latest version (1.6.0 at the time of writing this) and installed it successfully.

Answer 5

Note that installing version 1.0.9 isn't going to be enough if your bundler keeps trying to go out and grab the latest version. In your gemfile you'll also want to put:

gem 'ffi', '1.0.9'

This should satisfy the dependency for whatever gem is asking for it and let you get up and running.

Answer 6

when the above steps are followed, it might results the following message.

$ bundle install
Fetching source index for https://rubygems.org/
You have requested:
ffi = 1.0.9

The bundle currently has ffi locked at 1.0.11.
Try running `bundle update ffi`

In that case, you can run the 'bundle update ffi' command and the error will be solved.

Answer 7

Installing the 'osx-gcc-installer' worked for me: (osx 10.8)

https://github.com/kennethreitz/osx-gcc-installer/downloads

Answer 8

Helped me:

sudo apt install build-essential

Debian 9

Ruby 2.3.3

Answer 9

你需要这个，

apt-get install ruby2.2-dev

Answer 10

Copied from another post :

As stated in Issue with installing ImageMagick and rmagick on Mountain Lion , ffi appears to be configured to look for 'gcc-4.2', so once I updated my Apple command line tools (which I may or may not have needed to do), I created a symbolic link to make the ffi install configuration happy:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.2

Answer 11

对我来说，这通常有效

gem install ffi -- --disable-system-libffi

Answer 12

将 DevKit 放在 PATH 前面，然后从 Windows 命令提示符再次安装。

Answer 13

I got the same problem. In my case, I have not install the DevKit, which can be found: http://rubyinstaller.org/downloads/ . After installing DevKit, just follow the instruction https://github.com/oneclick/rubyinstaller/wiki/development-kit and finally it's up and running.

Answer 14

I had to install automake to get it working. Worked on both mac OSX as well as Ubuntu (CI machine).

Answer 15

在 MacOS（Catalina）上，运行brew install libtool首先为我解决了这个问题。

Answer 16

这对我gem install ffi -- --disable-system-libffi on Ubuntu 20.04 (WSL)

Answer 17

Run this: /bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh )"

Then: brew install cocoapods