我已经读过迭代HashSet是不好的做法。 我应该首先调用.ToList（）吗？

Question

I have a collection of items called RegisteredItems. I do not care about the order of the items in RegisteredItems, only that they exist.

I perform two types of operations on RegisteredItems:

• Find and return item by property.
• Iterate over collection and have side-effect.

According to: When should I use the HashSet<T> type? Robert R. says,

"It's somewhat dangerous to iterate over a HashSet because doing so imposes an order on the items in the set. That order is not really a property of the set. You should not rely on it. If ordering of the items in a collection is important to you, that collection isn't a set."

There are some scenarios where my collection would contain 50-100 items. I realize this is not a large amount of items, but I was still hoping to reap the rewards of using a HashSet instead of List.

I have found myself looking at the following code and wondering what to do:

LayoutManager.Instance.RegisteredItems.ToList().ForEach( item => item.DoStuff() );

vs

foreach( var item in LayoutManager.Instance.RegisteredItems)
{
    item.DoStuff();
}

RegisteredItems used to return an IList<T> , but now it returns a HashSet. I felt that, if I was using HashSet for efficiency, it would be improper to cast it as a List. Yet, the above quote from Robert leaves me feeling uneasy about iterating over it, as well.

What's the right call in this scenario? Thanks

Answer 1

If you don't care about order, use a HashSet<>. The quote is about using HashSet<> being dangerous when you're worried about order. If you run this code multiple times, and the items are operated on in different order, will you care? If not, then you're fine. If yes, then don't use a HashSet<>. Arbitrarily converting to a List first doesn't really solve the problem.

And I'm not certain, but I suspect that .ToList() will iterate over the HashSet<> to do that, so, now you're walking the collection twice.

Don't prematurely optimize. If you only have 100 items, just use a HashSet<> and move on. If you start caring about order, change it to a List<> then and use it as a list everwhere.

Answer 2

如果你真的不关心订单而且你知道你的hashset中没有重复（这就是你想要的），那就继续使用hashset。

Answer 3

In the quoted question, I think he's saying that if you iterate over a Set, you can easily trick yourself into thinking that the items are in a certain order. For example, it'd be easy to treat the first iterated item differently, but you aren't guaranteed that will remain the first iterated item.

As long as you keep this in mind, and consider the Set unordered, iterating over it is fine.