如何在不实际打开浏览器的情况下使用Python向服务器发送URL请求（“不使用webbrowser模块”）？

Question

I want to send this URL as a request to the server to change something on the website while I am logged in. The problem is, when I use mechanize or urllib2 to open the URL it doesn't change anything on the website. However, when I use the webbrowser module, it does change things on the website. I want to do what the webbrowser module does, but WITHOUT opening the actual browser. Is there a way to do this? And why are mechanize and urllib2 not working?

EDIT: What I mean by "changes to the website" is that I get these things called "Shares" and "Tickets" for information that I put on the website. My program finds accurate information (they will kick you out if its fake) and using a URL, "inserts" it into the website.

Example URL (all my others follow this format):

http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp $JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194

mechanize code:

import mechanize
br = mechanize.Browser()
url = http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194
br.open(url)

urllib2 code:

from urllib2 import urlopen
url = http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194
page = urllib2.urlopen(url)
page.read()

webbrowser code:

import webbrowser
url = http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194
webbrowser.open(url)

EDIT #2 I tried this code just now:

import urllib2
import urllib

def log_in():
    url = 'https://www.locationary.com/index.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=tile_loginBar_jsp$JspView$LoginAction'
    values = {'inUserName' : 'me@gmail.com',
              'inUserPass' : 'myPass'}
    data = urllib.urlencode(values)
    req = urllib2.Request(url, data)
    req.add_header('Host', 'www.locationary.com')
    req.add_header('User-Agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:8.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/8.0')
    req.add_header('Accept', 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8')
    req.add_header('Accept-Language', 'en-us,en;q=0.5')
    req.add_header('Accept-Encoding','gzip, deflate')
    req.add_header('Accept-Charset','ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7')
    req.add_header('Connection','keep-alive')
    req.add_header('Referer','http://www.locationary.com/')
    req.add_header('Cookie','site_version=REGULAR; __utma=47547066.1079503560.1321924193.1322707232.1324693472.36; __utmz=47547066.1321924193.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); nickname=jacob501; locaCountry=1033; locaState=1795; locaCity=Montreal; jforumUserId=1; PMS=1; TurnOFfTips=true; Locacookie=enable; __utma=47547066.1079503560.1321924193.1322707232.1324693472.36; __utmz=47547066.1321924193.1.1.utmcsr=(direct)|utmccn=(direct)|utmcmd=(none); nickname=jacob501; PMS=1; __utmb=47547066.15.10.1324693472; __utmc=47547066; JSESSIONID=DC7F5AB08264A51FBCDB836393CB16E7; PSESSIONID=28b334905ab6305f7a7fe051e83857bc280af1a9; __utmc=47547066; __utmb=47547066.15.10.1324693472; ACTION_RESULT_CODE=ACTION_RESULT_FAIL; ACTION_ERROR_TEXT=java.lang.NullPointerException')
    req.add_header('Content-Type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
    response = urllib2.urlopen(req)
    page = response.read()

url2 = 'http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194'

log_in()
response2 = urllib2.urlopen(url2)
page2 = response2.read()

but it didn't work.

EDIT 3: Code from tony that didn't work for me.

import urllib2
import urllib
import cookielib

data = urllib.urlencode({"inUserName":"MYUSERNAMESHOULDBEHERE", "inUserPass":"MYPASSWORDSHOULDBEHERE"})
jar = cookielib.FileCookieJar("cookies")
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(jar))
request = urllib2.Request("https://www.locationary.com/index.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=tile_loginBar_jsp$JspView$LoginAction", data)
opener.open(request) 
url = "http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1012432546&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Fdennys-13470813%3Flid%3D13470813"
anything = opener.open(url)
anything.read()

FINAL EDIT! I finally got it to work using Tony's suggestions!

This is my final code that worked:

import urllib2
import urllib
import cookielib

data = urllib.urlencode({"inUserName":"myemail@gmail.com", "inUserPass":"mypassword"})
jar = cookielib.FileCookieJar("cookies")
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(jar))
opener.addheaders.append(('User-agent', 'Mozilla/4.0'))
opener.addheaders.append( ('Referer', 'http://www.hellboundhackers.org/index.php') )
opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie','site_version=REGULAR; __utma=47547066.912030359.1322003402.1324688192.1324930160.55; __utmz=47547066.1324655802.52.13.utmcsr=google|utmccn=(organic)|utmcmd=organic|utmctr=cache:dr23PN5fUj4J:www.locationary.com/%20locationary; nickname=jacob501; jforumUserId=1; PMS=1; locaCountry=1033; locaState=1786; locaCity=Vancouver; JSESSIONID=A8F241E1924CE7A25FAA8C5CA6597697; PSESSIONID=5c21c44245f978b917f17982c944a9ec2b5d2df5; Locacookie=enable; __utmb=47547066.5.10.1324930160; __utmc=47547066'))
request = urllib2.Request("https://www.locationary.com/index.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=tile_loginBar_jsp$JspView$LoginAction", data)
response = opener.open(request) 
url = "http://www.locationary.com/"
anything = opener.open(url)
anything.read()

All I had to do was add the line

opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie','site_version=REGULAR; __utma=47547066.912030359.1322003402.1324688192.1324930160.55; __utmz= 

etc. etc. (the really long line of code, the cookie)

I also added a "Referer" and "User-Agent" header just in case.

Thanks tony!!

Answer 1

First you should write url variable with quotes:

url = "http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194"

And if you wanna send request without opening browser you might use urllib, like you do.

If you need authentication (seems like you do) you should send request for authentication, get cookies (use for it cookielib.FileCookieJar) and set them in opener. Then you will be able to open pages and send requests.

Approximately you need something like:

data=urllib.urlencode({"login":"your login or whatever, "pass":"password}) # be aware you need to change "login" and "pass" to names of fields in form you have.
jar = cookielib.FileCookieJar("cookies")
opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(jar))
request = urllib2.Request("url for authentication", data)
opener.open(request) # now you should be authorized and able to send any request like logged in user, using opener

url = "http://www.locationary.com/access/proxy.jsp?ACTION_TOKEN=proxy_jsp$JspView$SaveAction&inPlaceID=1020634218&xxx_c_1_f_987=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yellowpages.com%2Fpittsburgh-pa%2Fmip%2Ffamily-dollar-store-1349194%3Flid%3D1349194"
anything = opener.open(url)
anything.read()

Answer 2

{"manifest":{"errorTimeout":0,"succeed":true,"errorCode":0,"serverVersion":"1.0","type":"locaaccess"},"saveResult":{"message":"You don't have permissions!","placeOpenedState":0,"isSucess":false}} 

I get that from putting your urllib in my browser. You need to first authenticate yourself to the website I believe, then perform this command. I can't give you instructions for how to log on to the site, but if you go to the log in page it may have a form that you can mimic with a url post via urllib2