如何使用确定的NSProgressIndicator来检查NSTask的进度？ - 可可

Question

What I have is NSTask running a long premade shell script and I want the NSProgressIndicator to check on how much is done. I've tried many things but just can't seem to get it to work. I know how to use it if the progress bar is indeterminate but i want it to load as the task goes on.

Here is how I am running the script:

- (IBAction)pressButton:(id)sender {
    NSTask *task = [[NSTask alloc] init];
    [task setLaunchPath:@"/bin/sh"];
    [task setArguments:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"script" ofType:@"sh"], nil]];
    [task launch];
}

I need to put a progress bar in that checks the progress of that task while it happens and update accordingly.

Answer 1

Here is an example of an async NSTask running a unix script. Within the Unix script there are echo commands that send back the current status to standard error like this:

echo "working" >&2

This is processed by notification center and sent to the display.

To update a determinate progress bar just send status updates like "25.0" "26.0" and convert to float and send to the progress bar.

note: I got this working after alot of experimenting and by using many tips from this site and other references. so I hope it is helpful to you.

Here are the declarations:

NSTask *unixTask;
NSPipe *unixStandardOutputPipe;
NSPipe *unixStandardErrorPipe;
NSPipe *unixStandardInputPipe;
NSFileHandle *fhOutput;
NSFileHandle *fhError;
NSData *standardOutputData;
NSData *standardErrorData;

Here are the main program modules:

    - (IBAction)buttonLaunchProgram:(id)sender {

    [_unixTaskStdOutput setString:@"" ];
    [_unixProgressUpdate setStringValue:@""];
    [_unixProgressBar startAnimation:sender];

    [self runCommand];
}
- (void)runCommand {

    //setup system pipes and filehandles to process output data
    unixStandardOutputPipe = [[NSPipe alloc] init];
    unixStandardErrorPipe =  [[NSPipe alloc] init];

    fhOutput = [unixStandardOutputPipe fileHandleForReading];
    fhError =  [unixStandardErrorPipe fileHandleForReading];

    //setup notification alerts
    NSNotificationCenter *nc = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];

    [nc addObserver:self selector:@selector(notifiedForStdOutput:) name:NSFileHandleReadCompletionNotification object:fhOutput];
    [nc addObserver:self selector:@selector(notifiedForStdError:)  name:NSFileHandleReadCompletionNotification object:fhError];
    [nc addObserver:self selector:@selector(notifiedForComplete:)  name:NSTaskDidTerminateNotification object:unixTask];

    NSMutableArray *commandLine = [NSMutableArray new];
    [commandLine addObject:@"-c"];
    [commandLine addObject:@"/usr/bin/kpu -ca"]; //put your script here

    unixTask = [[NSTask alloc] init];
    [unixTask setLaunchPath:@"/bin/bash"];
    [unixTask setArguments:commandLine];
    [unixTask setStandardOutput:unixStandardOutputPipe];
    [unixTask setStandardError:unixStandardErrorPipe];
    [unixTask setStandardInput:[NSPipe pipe]];
    [unixTask launch];

    //note we are calling the file handle not the pipe
    [fhOutput readInBackgroundAndNotify];
    [fhError readInBackgroundAndNotify];
}
-(void) notifiedForStdOutput: (NSNotification *)notified
{

    NSData * data = [[notified userInfo] valueForKey:NSFileHandleNotificationDataItem];
    NSLog(@"standard data ready %ld bytes",data.length);

    if ([data length]){

        NSString * outputString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];  
        NSTextStorage *ts = [_unixTaskStdOutput textStorage];
        [ts replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange([ts length], 0)
                          withString:outputString];
    }

    if (unixTask != nil) {

        [fhOutput readInBackgroundAndNotify];
    }

}
-(void) notifiedForStdError: (NSNotification *)notified
{

    NSData * data = [[notified userInfo] valueForKey:NSFileHandleNotificationDataItem];
    NSLog(@"standard error ready %ld bytes",data.length);

    if ([data length]) {

        NSString * outputString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];  
        [_unixProgressUpdate setStringValue:outputString];
    }

    if (unixTask != nil) {

        [fhError readInBackgroundAndNotify];
    }

}
-(void) notifiedForComplete:(NSNotification *)anotification {

    NSLog(@"task completed or was stopped with exit code %d",[unixTask terminationStatus]);
    unixTask = nil;

    [_unixProgressBar stopAnimation:self];
    [_unixProgressBar viewDidHide];

    if ([unixTask terminationStatus] == 0) {
        [_unixProgressUpdate setStringValue:@"Success"]; 
    }
    else {
        [_unixProgressUpdate setStringValue:@"Terminated with non-zero exit code"];
    }
}
@end

Answer 2

You have to have some way to call back or interrupt the progress of a task in oder to tell how much progress you have made. If you are talking about a shell script you could break 1 script up into multiple scripts and upon the completion of a section of the script update the progress indicator. Other apps have done things like this, iirc Sparkle did some custom logic in its decompression code to uncompress in chunks so it could update a progress indicator. If you want to achieve the same effect you are going to have to do something similar.

Answer 3

获取您运行的命令的PID（进程ID），将其与PS（进程状态）命令结合使用，您可以获取进程的状态，使用代码中的该值在进度条中显示它

Answer 4

a simple way to have your script (nstask) communicate with your obj c controller is by using standard error as a communication channel. Not saying this is perfect but works quite well. You have to setup your task as an asynchronous nstask and use notifications to read from standard input and standard error separately. I can post it later if you need it.

Wrap your script like this:

echo "now starting" >&2
for i in $(ls /tmp)
do 
echo $i 2>&1
done
echo "now ending" >&2

Process Your standard error through a pipe and filehandle and wire it to an outlet for textual status updates or convert it to a float for progress displays. Ie

echo "25.0" >&2. Can be captured and converted.

If you need to capture real std error then trap it and merge it to std out like my example. This is not a perfect approach but I use it frequently and it works well.

On my iPad and don't have code. Let me know if you need a better example.