从命令行python获取参数

Question

I am trying to get three arguments from command line:

-o (for outputfile) -k (number of clusters) -l (data to be clustered)

So i wrote this.

def get_input():
print 'ARGV      :', sys.argv[1:]

options, remainder = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'o:v:k:l', ['output=', 
                                                     'verbose',
                                                     'k_clust=',
                                                     'limit='])
print "options ",options
file_flag , k_flag, count_flag = False, False,False
for opt, arg in options:
    print opt
    if opt in ('-o', '--output'):
        print "here ", opt, arg
        output_filename = arg
        o_flag = True

    if opt in ('-v', '--verbose'):
        verbose = True
    if opt == '--version':
        version = arg

    if opt in ('-k','--k_clust'):
        print "here", opt, arg
        k_clust = arg
        k_flag = True

    if opt in ('-l','--limit'):
         kcount = arg
         assert kcount!=0 and kcount!= ''
         print "limit ", arg
         count_flag = True
if k_flag == False:
    sys.exit(" no cluster specified, will be exiting now")
if o_flag == False:
    print "using default outfile name ",output_filename
if count_flag == False:
   kcount = 10000000


return output_filename, k_clust,kcount

Everything is working on fine except the -l flag so if my command line command is this:

$python foo.py -o foo.txt -k 2 -l 2

and the print argv prints

ARGV      : ['-o', 'demo.txt', '-k', '2', '-l', '2']

but the options is:

options  [('-o', 'demo.txt'), ('-k', '2'), ('-l', '')]

Notice that nothing is being parsed in the "l" field. Wat am i doing wrong? Thanks

Answer 1

getopt is a rather old module. If you have Python2.7, use argparse . If you have a slightly older version of Python >= 2.3, you can still install argparse :

With

import argparse
parser=argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-o', help = 'outputfile')
parser.add_argument('-k', help = 'number of clusters')
parser.add_argument('-l', help = 'data to be clustered')
args=parser.parse_args()
print(args)

running

test.py -o foo.txt -k 2 -l 2

yields

Namespace(k='2', l='2', o='foo.txt')

Answer 2

It's because in your shortopts parameter: 'o:v:k:l', the "l" needs to be followed by a colon ":"

Since it's not, the "2" is being put into the remainder variable.