[英]C++ initialize all values of a member array for a class
In C++ how initialize all values of a member array for a class? 在C ++中如何初始化类的成员数组的所有值?
#define MAX_MATRIX 20
Class Matrix {
public:
Matrix(); //constructor
protected:
int n[MAX_MATRIX]; // note cannot do = { 0} or w/e here
};
Matrix::Matrix()
{
// how to set all n to -1?
}
You can use std::fill
: 你可以使用std::fill
:
std::fill(begin(n), end(n), -1);
(These begin
and end
functions can be found in namespace std
in C++11, or you can easily implement them yourself in C++03) (这些begin
和end
函数可以在C ++ 11中的命名空间std
中找到,或者您可以在C ++ 03中自己轻松实现它们 )
This was a glaring shortcoming of C++03. 这是C ++ 03的一个明显缺点。 In C++11 this has been fixed, and you can now initialize everything, including arrays: 在C ++ 11中,这已得到修复,您现在可以初始化所有内容,包括数组:
class Matrix
{
public:
Matrix() : n { } { }
protected:
static const unsigned int MAX_MATRIX = 20;
int n[MAX_MATRIX];
};
(The nasty preprocessor macro is also not needed in C++.) (在C ++中也不需要令人讨厌的预处理器宏。)
In C++03, you simply cannot initialize an array member, but you can set it to something meaningful in the constructor body, eg via std::fill(n, n + MAX_MATRIX, 0);
在C ++ 03中,您根本无法初始化数组成员,但您可以在构造函数体中将其设置为有意义的内容,例如通过std::fill(n, n + MAX_MATRIX, 0);
. 。
(Of course it would be a lot nicer to say std::array<int, MAX_MATRIX> n;
.) (当然,说std::array<int, MAX_MATRIX> n;
.会更好。)
There's a type for this: 这有一种类型:
class Matrix {
public:
Matrix() : n() { n.fill(-1); }
protected:
std::array<int, 20> n;
};
for (unsigned i = 0; i < MAX_MATRIX; ++i) n[i] = -1;
#include <cstring>
... ...
Matrix::Matrix()
{
static bool init=false;
static int n_init[MAX_MATRIX];
if (!init){
for(int i=0; i<MAX_MATRIX; i++){
n_init[i] = -1;
}
init = true;
}
memcpy(n,n_init,MAX_MATRIX*sizeof(int));
}
The array n_init
is initialized exactly once and stored in memory, then all subsequent constructions are a quick memory copy with no loops. 数组n_init
被初始化一次并存储在内存中,然后所有后续构造都是一个没有循环的快速内存副本。 You should not see much decrease in speed if you increase the size of MAX_MATRIX
as you would when looping through the index, particularly if you are calling Matrix::Matrix()
many times. 如果增加MAX_MATRIX
的大小, MAX_MATRIX
像循环索引那样增加速度,特别是如果你多次调用Matrix::Matrix()
。
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