使用cron作业检查python脚本是否正在运行

Question

I currently have a Python webserver application running and I would like to use a python script for cron job to check if the application is running, else start the application.

I have the following code as below:

import os

string = os.popen('ps aux')
n = 0
for line in string.readlines():
  if "python webserver.py" in line:
    n+=1
if n < 1:
  os.system('python webserver.py')

Now the script has executed the application. But what I want is for the script to start the application and exit, leaving the application running. Is there any ways to do so? Thanks in advance.

Answer 1

I think it would be better if you made your webserver write its process id into a file and then have you cron job read that and check if the process is running.

It would also be useful to use some kind of framework that does process management (eg supervisord, upstart etc.) rather than manually launch it using os.system .

Answer 2

I like to do this with a shell script similar to the following. It is simple and has low likelihood of errors. Generally I put this in a while loop with sleep at the end, but cron works fine too.

if [ -x myproc.pid ] ; then
    pid=`cat myproc.pid`
else
    pid=1
fi
kill -0 $pid #check if process is still running

As you can see it requires your process to write its PID into a file when it starts up. This avoids problems with grepping ps output because it can be tricky to get a regular expression that always works no matter what new process names come onto your server in future. The PID file is dead certain.

kill -0 is a little known way of checking if a process is running and is simpler than checking for a directory in /proc . The line with pid=1 is there because the checker is not root therefore the kill check will always fail if you can't send signals to the process. That is there to cover the first time that myproc is run on this server. Note that this means that the checking script must not run as root (generally good practice) but must run as the same user which runs the process you are checking.

If you really want to do this in Python, then the os module has access to PIDs and has a kill method. However it doesn't return a shell exitcode, instead os.kill throws OSError exceptions which you can handle in a try - catch block. The same principle applies of using signal 0 to detect whether the process exists or not but there is a slim chance that your process has died and another process now has the same pid, so do handle that case in your try - catch .

Answer 3

You could probably do it by starting the application in the background and possibly making it immune to hang up signals.

Try changing the system command to:

nohup python webserver.py &