在Java中使用Enum的泛型

Question

I have an enum

public enum Days {
SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY,
THURSDAY, FRIDAY, SATURDAY 

}

I want to make a class which can take values of type days. So i used Java Generics

public class State<T extend Days>

But there is an error

The type parameter T should not be bounded by the final type Days. 
Final types cannot be further extended

How can i resolve this?

Answer 1

enums are final types, which means, you can not extend from them

a generic like wants a Class as Parameter which is Days or an extended class, but the extended class is not possible

so the only parameter possible is Days and you don't need a generic, if only one value is possible

Answer 2

Don't use a generics bound. There's no need. Just use an unbounded type, like this:

public class State<T> {
    public State(T startState) {
        // whatever
    } 
}

And to use it:

State<Days> dayState = new State<Days>(Days.SUNDAY);

This is a straightforward typed class that doesn't need a bound.

The only bound that might make sense is a bound to an enum :

public class State<T extends Enum<T>> {
    public State(T startState) {
        // whatever
    } 
} 

This version requires that the generic parameter be an enum . With this version the above usage example would still compile, but this would not compile (for example):

State<String> dayState = new State<String>("hello");

because String is not an enum .

Answer 3

You cannot extend enums in java (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/enum.html towards the end). Thus is not possible.

-IF you need your class to work only with your enum you don't need generics

-if instead you need it to work with others enum (does it makes sense?) you don't need to specify the extend.

What does exactly your State class do ?

Answer 4

The thing to do here is

public enum Days{..}

public class State { // no generic argument!
  ...
}

As it stands, you can't have State<T extends Days> because the only way to satisfy T extends Days is to have T be Days . That's what it means for Days to be final .

So instead, you should make State not generic, and use Days directly everywhere you were trying to use T . You can't declare public class State<Days> , because then it'll try to treat Days as a type variable, not as the class Days , and that's not what you want.

Answer 5

This compiles fine for me under Java 6:

public enum Days {
  SUNDAY, 
  MONDAY, 
  TUESDAY, 
  WEDNESDAY,
  THURSDAY, 
  FRIDAY, 
  SATURDAY
}

public class State<T extends Days> {
  T state;

  public State(T startState) {
    this.state = startState;
  }
}

private void test() {
  State<Days> state = new State<Days> (Days.MONDAY);
}

However, if you want your State object to change from one enum to another you would be better to use something like:

public class State<S extends Enum<S>> {
  final ArrayList<S> states = new ArrayList<S>();
  private S state;

  public State(S startState) {
    states.addAll(EnumSet.allOf(startState.getClass()));
    this.state = startState;
  }

  public S next() {
    return state = states.get((state.ordinal() + 1) % states.size());
  }

  public S prev() {
    return state = states.get((state.ordinal() - 1 + states.size()) % states.size());
  }

  public S set(S newState) {
    return state = newState;
  }

  public S get() {
    return state;
  }
}

private void test() {
  State<Days> state = new State<Days> (Days.MONDAY);
  // ...
}