Python条件字典理解

Question

Is there a reason why this list comp works:

N = 5
d = {0:100, 2:5}
[(dpidx,d[dpidx]) if dpidx in d else (dpidx,dpidx) for dpidx in range(N)]

[(0, 100), (1, 1), (2, 5), (3, 3), (4, 4)]

but this dict comp doesn't work? :

{dpidx:d[dpidx] if dpidx in d else dpidx:dpidx for dpidx in range(N)}

{dpidx:d[dpidx] if dpidx in d else dpidx:dpidx for dpidx in range(N)}
                                        ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

I'm looking for:

{0: 100, 1: 1, 2: 5, 3: 3, 4: 4}

I thought I could just use a dict comp instead of a dict(list comp).

Thanks in advance!

Answer 1

You cannot repeat the key. A dictionary comprehension has the form

{k: v for ...}

where k and v are expressions. One (or both) of these expressions can be a conditional expression, which will give

{dpidx:d[dpidx] if dpidx in d else dpidx for dpidx in range(N)}

But k: v is not an expression in its own right.

An easier way to write this is

{dpidx:d.get(dpidx, dpidx) for dpidx in range(N)}

Answer 2

You need to change dpidx:dpidx to just dpidx

Remember "d[dpidx] if dpidx in d else dpidx" means the value in the dictionary if there, otherwise the value of dpidx", it doesn't make sense having "otherwise the value of dpidx:dpidx"

d={1:2,3:5}
N=5

g={dpidx: d[dpidx] if dpidx in d else dpidx for dpidx in range(N)}

print g
>>>
{0: 0, 1: 2, 2: 2, 3: 5, 4: 4}