如何使用从文本文件中读取的数据在python中创建字典列表？

Question

I am trying to create a list of dictionaries using shakespeare's sonnets.

I want to create something like this:

list[0] == 'Sonnet 1', how do I get 'Sonnet 1' to be the key of the actual sonnet?

http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/1 for more info on sonnets.

I saved the sonnets into a file in this format:

SONNET 1

From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty's rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His tender heir might bear his memory: But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes, Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel, Making a famine where abundance lies, Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel. Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament And only herald to the gaudy spring, Within thine own bud buriest thy content And, tender churl, makest waste in niggarding. Pity the world, or else this glutton be, To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.

SONNET 2

When forty winters shall beseige thy brow, And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field, Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now, Will be a tatter'd weed, of small worth held: Then being ask'd where all thy beauty lies, Where all the treasure of thy lusty days, To say, within thine own deep-sunken eyes, Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise. How much more praise deserved thy beauty's use, If thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine Shall sum my count and make my old excuse,' Proving his beauty by succession thine! This were to be new made when thou art old, And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold.

and so on...

initially I used split("\\n\\n"), so the list would look like ['Sonnet 1', 'content of sonnet 1', 'Sonnet 2', 'content of sonnet 2', ...]

then, I use a for loop to (try to) make list[0] == ['title'] : 'Sonnet 1',['sonnet'] : 'content of sonnet 1'], list[1] will be of sonnet 2, and so on..

Answer 1

It sounds like you just want a plain old dict , not a list of dictionaries.

sonnet = '''From fairest creatures we desire increase,
That thereby beauty's rose might never die,
But as the riper should by time decease,
His tender heir might bear his memory:
But thou contracted to thine own bright eyes,
Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel,
Making a famine where abundance lies,
Thy self thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel:
Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament,
And only herald to the gaudy spring,
Within thine own bud buriest thy content,
And, tender churl, mak'st waste in niggarding:
Pity the world, or else this glutton be,
To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.'''

# create with dict constructor
shakespeares_sonnets = {'Sonnet 1': sonnet, 'Sonnet 2': 'etc....'}

# add new ones later
shakespeares_sonnets['Sonnet N'] = 'Yo dawg, I herd u like sonnets...'

# easy to make lists out of the dict
list_of_sonnet_titles = shakespeares_sonnets.keys()
list_of_sonnets = shakespeares_sonnets.values()

Answer 2

From what I can tell, you really just need a simple dict

my_sonnets = {}
my_sonnets['Sonnet 1'] = 'The sonnet text'

If you're still certain you want a list of dicts (where each dict is representing a single sonnet with multiple "attributes" like title/text/author/etc), then I strongly urge you to consider a class instead.

class Sonnet(object):
    def __init__(self, title, text='', author=''):
        self.title = title
        self.text = text
        self.author = author

#Create a sonnet and set the author later
sonnet1 = Sonnet('Sonnet #1', 'Some text')
sonnet1.author = 'Mr. Bob'

#Create a sonnet specifying all fields
sonnet2 = Sonnet('Sonnet #2', 'Some other text', 'Ms. Sally')

#Creating a list from the sonnets above
my_list = [sonnet1, sonnet2]


#Alternatively, create the list in place
my_list = [Sonnet('Sonnet #1', 'Some text'), Sonnet('Sonnet #2', 'Some other text', 'Ms. Sally')]
#Set the author on the first item after the fact if you so choose
my_list[0].author = 'Mr. Bob'

Finally, if you're dead set on using the wrong data structure for the stated question...

my_list = [{'title':'Sonnet1', 'text':'Blah'}, {'title':'Sonnet2', 'text':'more blah', 'author':'Ms. Sally'}]
my_list[0]['author'] = 'Mr. Bob'

Answer 3

Use this trick to iterate through the results of the split pairwise

zip(*[iter(sonnets.split("\n\n"))]*2)

eg.

>>> sonnets = "SONNET 1\n\nFrom fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty's rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His tender heir might bear his memory: But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes, Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel, Making a famine where abundance lies, Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel. Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament And only herald to the gaudy spring, Within thine own bud buriest thy content And, tender churl, makest waste in niggarding. Pity the world, or else this glutton be, To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee.\n\nSONNET 2\n\nWhen forty winters shall beseige thy brow, And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field, Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now, Will be a tatter'd weed, of small worth held: Then being ask'd where all thy beauty lies, Where all the treasure of thy lusty days, To say, within thine own deep-sunken eyes, Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise. How much more praise deserved thy beauty's use, If thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine Shall sum my count and make my old excuse,' Proving his beauty by succession thine! This were to be new made when thou art old, And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold."
>>> L=[{'title':title, 'content': content} for title, content in zip(*[iter(sonnets.split("\n\n"))]*2)]
>>> L[0]['title']
'SONNET 1'
>>> L[0]['content']
"From fairest creatures we desire increase, That thereby beauty's rose might never die, But as the riper should by time decease, His tender heir might bear his memory: But thou, contracted to thine own bright eyes, Feed'st thy light's flame with self-substantial fuel, Making a famine where abundance lies, Thyself thy foe, to thy sweet self too cruel. Thou that art now the world's fresh ornament And only herald to the gaudy spring, Within thine own bud buriest thy content And, tender churl, makest waste in niggarding. Pity the world, or else this glutton be, To eat the world's due, by the grave and thee."
>>> L[1]['title']
'SONNET 2'
>>> L[1]['content']
"When forty winters shall beseige thy brow, And dig deep trenches in thy beauty's field, Thy youth's proud livery, so gazed on now, Will be a tatter'd weed, of small worth held: Then being ask'd where all thy beauty lies, Where all the treasure of thy lusty days, To say, within thine own deep-sunken eyes, Were an all-eating shame and thriftless praise. How much more praise deserved thy beauty's use, If thou couldst answer 'This fair child of mine Shall sum my count and make my old excuse,' Proving his beauty by succession thine! This were to be new made when thou art old, And see thy blood warm when thou feel'st it cold."