如何在 Java 中搜索一串键/值对

Question

I have a String that's formatted like this:

"key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3"

for any number of key/value pairs.

I need to check that a certain key exists (let's say it's called "specialkey"). If it does, I want the value associated with it. If there are multiple "specialkey"s set, I only want the first one.

Right now, I'm looking for the index of "specialkey". I take a substring starting at that index, then look for the index of the first = character. Then I look for the index of the first ; character. The substring between those two indices gives me the value associated with "specialkey".

This is not an elegant solution, and it's really bothering me. What's an elegant way of finding the value that corresponds with "specialkey"?

Answer 1

I would parse the String into a map and then just check for the key:

String rawValues = "key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3";
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
String[] entries = rawValues.split(";");
for (String entry : entries) {
  String[] keyValue = entry.split("=");
  map.put(keyValue[0],keyValue[1]);
}

if (map.containsKey("myKey")) {
   return map.get("myKey");
}

Answer 2

Use String.split :

String[] kvPairs = "key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3".split(";");

This will give you an array kvPairs that contains these elements:

key1=value1
key2=value2
key3=value3

Iterate over these and split them, too:

for(String kvPair: kvPairs) {
   String[] kv = kvPair.split("=");
   String key = kv[0];
   String value = kv[1];

   // Now do with key whatever you want with key and value...
   if(key.equals("specialkey")) {
       // Do something with value if the key is "specialvalue"...
   }
}

Answer 3

If it's just the one key you're after, you could use regex \\bspecialkey=([^;]+)(;|$) and extract capturing group 1:

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("\\bspecialkey=([^;]+)(;|$)");
Matcher m = p.matcher("key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3");

if (m.find()) {
    System.out.println(m.group(1));
}

If you're doing something with the other keys, then split on ; and then = within a loop - no need for regex.

Answer 4

Just in case anyone is interested in a pure Regex-based approach, the following snippet works.

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("([\\w]+)?=([\\w]+)?;?");
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher("key1=value1;key2=value2;key3=value3");
while (matcher.find()) {
   System.out.println("Key - " + matcher.group(1) + " Value - " + matcher.group(2);
}

Output will be

Key - key1 Value - value1
Key - key2 Value - value2
Key - key3 Value - value3

However, as others explained before, String.split() is recommended any day for this sort of task. You shouldn't complicate your life trying to use Regex when there's an alternative to use.

Answer 5

There are many ways to do this. Perhaps the simplest is to use the Streams API (available as of Java 8 and later) to process the match results:

List<String> OriginalList = Arrays.asList("A=1,B=2,C=3",
        "A=11,B=12,C=13,D=15", "A=5,B=4,C=9,D=10,E=13",
        "A=19,B=20,C=91,D=40,E=33", "A=77,B=27,C=37");

• this streams the strings
• matches on the pattern and extracts the integer
• the collects to a list

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("A=(\\d+)");
List<Integer> result = OriginalList.stream().
        flatMap(str->p.matcher(str).results())
        .map(mr->Integer.valueOf(mr.group(1)))
        .collect(Collectors.toList());

System.out.println(result);

Prints:

[1, 11, 5, 19, 77]

Answer 6

This may be implemented using Stream API by simple splitting of each string in the input list by comma and Stream::flatMap

// assuming A is not always at the beginning
List<String> list = Arrays.asList(
        "A=1,B=2,C=3",
        "A=11,B=12,C=13,D=15",
        "A=5,B=4,C=9,D=10,E=13",
        "B=20,C=91,D=40,E=33",
        "B=27, A=19, C=37, A=77");

List<Integer> aNums = list.stream() // Stream<String>
    .flatMap(
        s -> Arrays.stream(s.split("\\s*,\\s*")) // Stream<String> pairs of letter=digits
                   .filter(pair -> pair.startsWith("A="))
                   .map(pair -> Integer.valueOf(pair.substring(2)))
    )
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(aNums);

Output:

[1, 11, 5, 19, 77]

---

Update
A pattern to split an input string and keep only the digits related to A may be applied as follows:

Pattern splitByA = Pattern.compile("A\\s*=\\s*|\\s*,\\s*|[^A]\\s*=\\s*\\d+");
List<Integer> aNums2 = list.stream()
    .flatMap(splitByA::splitAsStream) // Stream<String>
    .filter(Predicate.not(String::isEmpty)) // need to remove empty strings
    .map(Integer::valueOf)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println(aNums2);

Output is the same

[1, 11, 5, 19, 77]

Answer 7

Try : (?:(?:A=)([^,]*))

Demo : https://regex101.com/r/rziGDz/1

Else you find a code using regex and your list to get answer :

import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.*;
    
public class Main 
{
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
      
    List<Integer> results = new ArrayList();
    Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(?:(?:A=)([^,]*))", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
    List<String> OriginalList = Arrays.asList(
            "A=1,B=2,C=3",
            "A=11,B=12,C=13,D=15",
            "A=5,B=4,C=9,D=10,E=13",
            "A=19,B=20,C=91,D=40,E=33",
            "A=77,B=27,C=37");
            
        for (int i = 0; i < OriginalList.size(); i++) 
        {
            Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(OriginalList.get(i));
            boolean matchFound = matcher.find();
            if(matchFound) 
            {
                System.out.println( matcher.group(1) );
                results.add( Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(1)) );
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 8

Using basic filter: Split using [AZ=,]+ regex. Pick the 2nd element.

public List filter() {
        List<String> originalList = Arrays.asList("A=1,B=2,C=3", "A=11,B=12,C=13,D=15", "A=5,B=4,C=9,D=10,E=13",
                "A=19,B=20,C=91,D=40,E=33", "A=77,B=27,C=37");
        List<Integer> parsedData = new ArrayList();
        
        for(String str: originalList) {
            Integer data = Integer.parseInt(str.split("[A-Z=,]+")[1]);
            parsedData.add(data);
            
        }
        return parsedData;
        
}

Answer 9

Try this:

List<Integer> results = new ArrayList();

Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(?:(?:A=)([^,]*))");
Matcher m = null;
     
for (String tmp : OriginalList) {
    m = p.matcher(tmp);
    if (m.find()) {
     int r = Integer.parseInt(m.group(0).replace("A=", ""));
        results.add(r);
    }
        
}

Answer 10

Regex is well suited to matching and parsing at the same time:

//c#
string input = @"key1=value1;specialkey=scott;key3=value3";
var specialkey = Regex.Match(input, "specialkey=(.*?);").Groups[1].Value;
Console.WriteLine(specialkey);