防止多行 TextView 不必要地扩展到其最大宽度

Question

A TextView that expands to multiple lines seems to automatically expand to fit it's maximum possible width. How can I prevent that from happening?

Here is an example layout (test.xml)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/white">
<TextView
android:background="@color/green"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:id="@+id/foo"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="right"
android:text="This is the message a much shorter message"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
android:textColor="@color/black" />
</RelativeLayout>

If I add a margin on the left, it correctly shrinks the width of the TextView (without reformatting the content), but the size of the margin would have to calculated given the contents of the TextView.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="@color/white">
<TextView
android:layout_marginLeft="32dp"
android:background="@color/green"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:id="@+id/foo"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:gravity="right"
android:text="This is the message a much shorter message"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"
android:textColor="@color/black" />
</RelativeLayout>

Answer 1

You may use custom TextView with overridden method onMeasure() where you calculate the width:

public class WrapWidthTextView extends TextView {

    // ...
    
    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        
        Layout layout = getLayout();
        if (layout != null) {
            int width = (int)FloatMath.ceil(getMaxLineWidth(layout))
                    + getCompoundPaddingLeft() + getCompoundPaddingRight();
            int height = getMeasuredHeight();            
            setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
        }
    }
    
    private float getMaxLineWidth(Layout layout) {
        float max_width = 0.0f;
        int lines = layout.getLineCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < lines; i++) {
            if (layout.getLineWidth(i) > max_width) {
                max_width = layout.getLineWidth(i);
            }
        }
        return max_width;
    }
}

Answer 2

If you want to use a suggestion of @Vitaliy Polchuk (a top answer), rewrite so or see his answer at Why is wrap content in multiple line TextView filling parent? :

public class WrapWidthTextView extends AppCompatTextView {
    public WrapWidthTextView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public WrapWidthTextView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public WrapWidthTextView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);

        Layout layout = getLayout();
        if (layout != null) {
            int width = (int) Math.ceil(getMaxLineWidth(layout))
                    + getCompoundPaddingLeft() + getCompoundPaddingRight();
            int height = getMeasuredHeight();
            setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
        }
    }

    private float getMaxLineWidth(Layout layout) {
        float max_width = 0.0f;
        int lines = layout.getLineCount();
        for (int i = 0; i < lines; i++) {
            if (layout.getLineWidth(i) > max_width) {
                max_width = layout.getLineWidth(i);
            }
        }
        return max_width;
    }
}

Rebuild a project when you insert this class into XML. Otherwise it won't find this class.

Answer 3

I've tried the solution of Vitaliy Polchuk and it works fine. And I also want to add small correction:

...
@Override
protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
    Layout layout = getLayout();
    if (layout != null) {
        int width = (int) FloatMath.ceil(getMaxLineWidth(layout))
                + getCompoundPaddingLeft() + getCompoundPaddingRight();
        widthMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(width, MeasureSpec.EXACTLY);
    }
    super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
    // get already measured dimensions
    int width = getMeasuredWidth();
    int height = getMeasuredHeight();
    setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
}
...

Answer 4

使用android:padding="32dp"它可以帮助你有填充，如果你想从左边使用android:paddingLeft="32dp"