如何使用Python的xml.dom.minidom从XML文件获取字符串列表？

Question

All -

I am trying to parse the following, very simple XML document structure using

from xml.dom.minidom import parse

The XML looks like this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <list>
       <file name="..." url="...">
       <words>
           word_1
           word_2
           ...

The problem I am having is that the XML contains a list of words that I would like to access as a list of strings ... and I simply can't seem to get it right. Here is what I have in terms of code so far:

import sys
from xml.dom.minidom import parse

for file in sys.argv[1:]:

    dom = parse( file )

    title = dom.getElementsByTagName( 'job_ad' )[0].getAttribute( 'title' )
    # This works 

    words = dom.getElementsByTagName( 'unigrams' )[0].childNodes[0]

    # This is NOT a list of strings ... 

I would like to iterate over the data structure 'words' in this code. I know there are much more powerful XML modules available ... but for now I would like to solve this with the module shown.

Any help with this would be much appreciated.

Thanks in advance and kind regards -

Pat

Answer 1

I assume words are listed under words nodes as plain text, in that case you just need to grab text from words node and split it eg

s="""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <list>
       <file name="..." url="...">
       <words>
           word_1
           word_2
        </words>
       </file>
    </list>"""

import sys
from xml.dom.minidom import parseString

dom = parseString(s)
words_text = dom.getElementsByTagName('words')[0].firstChild.nodeValue
words = words_text.split()
print words

output:

[u'word_1', u'word_2']

Answer 2

If you're not married to 'xml.dom.minidom', you might want to checkout lxml (http://lxml.de/)

The code would be:

import lxml.etree
doc = lxml.etree.parse( open(file) )
words = doc.findtext('words')

WHOOPS -- I see now the poster specifically requested the answer use 'xml.dom.minidom'. Sorry, we use lxml. You can disregard.

Answer 3

It seems in your XML doc, multiple word_X words are grouped inside an xml element. Since they are not different XML elements you cannot query like that. Instead you can use regular expression to parse a single element string
For example: Assume you have wordListAsSingleString which contains (if you can query that):

       word_1
       word_2

re.split('\\s+', wordListAsSingleString) will give you the list of words.

Answer 4

如果希望单词为字符串，请在末尾添加.data：

words = dom.getElementsByTagName( 'unigrams' )[0].childNodes[0].data