[英]How to access removable storage on Android devices?
I am looking for a way to detect and access removable sd cards on a variety of Android devices (Samsung, Motorola, LG, Sony, HTC). 我正在寻找一种方法来检测和访问各种Android设备(三星,摩托罗拉,LG,索尼,HTC)上的可移动SD卡。
I also need to be compatible with 2.2 so Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()
is unavailable for me. 我还需要与2.2兼容,因此我无法使用
Environment.isExternalStorageRemovable()
。
Motorola has its own library, and for Samsung I can detect the existence of /external_sd/
摩托罗拉有自己的库,对于三星我可以检测到
/external_sd/
的存在
I have no clue for the rest of them. 我对其余的人一无所知。 For example, I have seen a
/_ExternalSD/
on some LG's but it the directory remains even when the SD is removed. 例如,我在某些LG上看到了
/_ExternalSD/
,但是当删除SD时,目录仍然存在。
A bonus question: will the ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED
intent be broadcast for any of them 奖金问题:
ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED
意图是否会为其中任何一个广播
Any hint on this would be very helpful. 任何暗示都会非常有帮助。
Here's a class I use to find all sdcards on a device; 这是我用来查找设备上所有sdcards的类; built in and removable.
内置和可拆卸。 I've been using it on Ice Cream Sandwich, but it should work at 2x levels.
我一直在冰淇淋三明治上使用它,但它应该在2倍水平下工作。
public class GetRemovableDevice {
private final static String TAG = "GetRemoveableDevice";
public GetRemovableDevice() {
}
public static String[] getDirectories() {
MyLog.d(TAG, "getStorageDirectories");
File tempFile;
String[] directories = null;
String[] splits;
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<String>();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
String lineRead;
try {
arrayList.clear(); // redundant, but what the hey
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("/proc/mounts"));
while ((lineRead = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
MyLog.d(TAG, "lineRead: " + lineRead);
splits = lineRead.split(" ");
// System external storage
if (splits[1].equals(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()
.getPath())) {
arrayList.add(splits[1]);
MyLog.d(TAG, "gesd split 1: " + splits[1]);
continue;
}
// skip if not external storage device
if (!splits[0].contains("/dev/block/")) {
continue;
}
// skip if mtdblock device
if (splits[0].contains("/dev/block/mtdblock")) {
continue;
}
// skip if not in /mnt node
if (!splits[1].contains("/mnt")) {
continue;
}
// skip these names
if (splits[1].contains("/secure")) {
continue;
}
if (splits[1].contains("/mnt/asec")) {
continue;
}
// Eliminate if not a directory or fully accessible
tempFile = new File(splits[1]);
if (!tempFile.exists()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.isDirectory()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canRead()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canWrite()) {
continue;
}
// Met all the criteria, assume sdcard
arrayList.add(splits[1]);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
// Send list back to caller
if (arrayList.size() == 0) {
arrayList.add("sdcard not found");
}
directories = new String[arrayList.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < arrayList.size(); i++) {
directories[i] = arrayList.get(i);
}
return directories;
}
} }
The MyLog.d is a trace class that expands Log.d - it can be dropped. MyLog.d是一个扩展Log.d的跟踪类 - 它可以被删除。
The class reads /proc/mounts/ and: 该类读取/ proc / mounts /和:
If all this is matched, it assumes that you have an sdcard and adds the path to the array list. 如果所有这些都匹配,则假定您有一个SD卡并将路径添加到数组列表中。 It returns a string array of path names.
它返回路径名的字符串数组。
To call the getDirectories function, code something similar to: 要调用getDirectories函数,请执行以下类似的代码:
String[] sdcardDirectories = GetRemoveableDevice.getDirectories();
The paths returned can be used to create a user selection list, scan for a file, or whatever. 返回的路径可用于创建用户选择列表,扫描文件或其他任何内容。
Finally, here's two lines of MyLog.d from an emulator test (second line is the emulator sdcard): 最后,这是来自模拟器测试的两行MyLog.d(第二行是模拟器SD卡):
09-19 15:57:12.511: D/GetRemoveableDevice(651): lineRead: /dev/block/mtdblock2 /cache yaffs2 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0 09-19 15:57:12.511:D / GetRemoveableDevice(651):lineRead:/ dev / block / mtdblock2 / cache yaffs2 rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0
09-19 15:57:12.511: D/GetRemoveableDevice(651): lineRead: /dev/block/vold/179:0 /mnt/sdcard vfat rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,uid=1000,gid=1015,fmask=0702,dmask=0702,allow_utime=0020,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro 0 0 09-19 15:57:12.511:D / GetRemoveableDevice(651):lineRead:/ dev / block / vold / 179:0 / mnt / sdcard vfat rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,uid = 1000,gid = 1015 ,fmask = 0702,dmask = 0702,allow_utime = 0020,codepage = cp437,iocharset = iso8859-1,shortname = mixed,utf8,errors = remount-ro 0 0
Based on Howards class I made some modifications to make it work on the Galaxy S3. 基于Howards类,我做了一些修改,使其适用于Galaxy S3。
_ _
public static String getDirectory() {
Log.d(TAG, "getStorageDirectories");
File tempFile;
String[] splits;
ArrayList<String> arrayList = new ArrayList<String>();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
String lineRead;
try {
arrayList.clear(); // redundant, but what the hey
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("/proc/mounts"));
while ((lineRead = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Log.d(TAG, "lineRead: " + lineRead);
splits = lineRead.split(" ");
// skip if not external storage device
if (!splits[0].contains("/dev/block/")) {
continue;
}
// skip if mtdblock device
if (splits[0].contains("/dev/block/mtdblock")) {
continue;
}
// skip if not in vfat node
if (!splits[2].contains("vfat")) {
continue;
}
// skip these names
if (splits[1].contains("/secure")) {
continue;
}
if (splits[1].contains("/mnt/asec")) {
continue;
}
// Eliminate if not a directory or fully accessible
tempFile = new File(splits[1]);
if (!tempFile.exists()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.isDirectory()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canRead()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canWrite()) {
continue;
}
// Met all the criteria, assume sdcard
return splits[1];
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
return null;
}
Based on the 2 classes presented above I modified the class further on noticing that all of the external removable storage on several phones and tablets that I could find were mounted using vold, the volume mounting daemon. 基于上面提到的两个类,我进一步修改了类,注意到我可以找到的几个手机和平板电脑上的所有外部可移动存储都是使用vold(卷安装守护程序)安装的。
// skip if not external storage device
if (!splits[0].contains("vold")) {
continue;
}
if (splits[1].contains("/mnt/asec")) {
continue;
}
// Eliminate if not a directory or fully accessible
tempFile = new File(splits[1]);
if (!tempFile.exists()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.isDirectory()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canRead()) {
continue;
}
if (!tempFile.canWrite()) {
continue;
}
// Met all the criteria, assume sdcard
arrayList.add(splits[1]);
These capabilities are available in all Android versions: 所有Android版本均提供以下功能:
To obtain the application's folder on the external storage, call Context.getExternalFilesDir
. 要在外部存储上获取应用程序的文件夹,请调用
Context.getExternalFilesDir
。
Keep in mind that your app needs explicit permission to access external storage, and that you should check if it is available via Environment.getExternalStorageState
请记住,您的应用需要显式访问外部存储的权限,并且您应该通过
Environment.getExternalStorageState
检查它是否可用
And yes, ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED
will be broadcast whenever removable media becomes accessible (You should also listen for ACTION_MEDIA_EJECT
and ACTION_MEDIA_REMOVED
) 是的,每当可移动媒体变得可访问时,
ACTION_MEDIA_MOUNTED
将被广播(您还应该收听ACTION_MEDIA_EJECT
和ACTION_MEDIA_REMOVED
)
This is the method I created and am using. 这是我创建和使用的方法。 This has worked on Samsung Galaxy S4, Samsung Galaxy Note 3 and Sony Xperia Z2.
这适用于三星Galaxy S4,三星Galaxy Note 3和索尼Xperia Z2。
private static String[] getRemovableStoragePaths() {
String[] directories;
String[] splits;
ArrayList<String> pathList = new ArrayList<String>();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = null;
String lineRead;
try {
bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("/proc/mounts"));
while ((lineRead = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
Log.d(TAG, "lineRead: " + lineRead);
splits = lineRead.split(" ");
Log.d(TAG, "Testing path: " + splits[1]);
if (!splits[1].contains("/storage")) {
continue;
}
if (splits[1].contains("/emulated")) {
// emulated indicates an internal storage location, so skip it.
continue;
}
// Eliminate if not a directory or fully accessible
Log.d(TAG, "Path found: " + splits[1]);
// Met all the criteria, assume sdcard
pathList.add(splits[1]);
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
} catch (IOException e) {
} finally {
if (bufferedReader != null) {
try {
bufferedReader.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
}
}
}
// Send list back to caller
if (pathList.size() == 0) {
pathList.add("sdcard not found");
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "Found potential removable storage locations: " + pathList);
}
directories = new String[pathList.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < pathList.size(); i++) {
directories[i] = pathList.get(i);
}
return directories;
}
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