如何在非唯一项列表中使用字典理解

Question

Yesterday, I was working on a problem where I wanted to take a list of non-unique items and make a dictionary out of them that had unique versions of the items in the list mapped to the number of times each appeared. This sounds pretty straight forward, and I immediately started writing a dictionary comprehension for it, only to realize once I started that I had no idea how to finish because the keys I'm running through aren't unique, and the values should be additive. Still it feels like there ought to be an elegant dictionary comprehension for this. Ideas?

What I want is a comprehension that does the following:

#given
lst = [1,1,1,7,5,8,3,8,5,9,1]
#do
a_dict = defaultdict(int)
for item in lst:
    a_dict[item] +=1

Answer 1

The Counter class in the collections module looks like it may do what you want.

You can do something like this:

from collections import Counter
a_dict = Counter(lst)

Versions of Python older than 2.7 do not have the Counter class, but you may be able to do something like this:

a_dict = dict((x, lst.count(x)) for x in set(lst))

The set conversion is not necessary. It may make the code run faster for large lists with many identical items but I don't know for sure because I haven't benchmarked it.