使用 Java 或 Python 从我的网络摄像头捕获单个图像

Question

I want to capture a single image from my webcam and save it to disk. I want to do this in Java or Python (preferably Java). I want something that will work on both 64-bit Win7 and 32-bit Linux.

EDIT: I use Python 3.x, not 2.x

Because everywhere else I see this question asked people manage to get confused, I'm going to state a few things explicitly:

• I do not want to use Processing
• I do not want to use any language other than those stated above
• I do want to display this image on my screen in any way, shape or form
• I do not want to display a live video feed from my webcam on my screen, or save such a feed to my hard drive
• The Java Media Framework is far too out of date. Do not suggest it.
• I would rather not use JavaCV, but if I absolutely must, I want to know exactly which files from the OpenCV library I need, and how I can use these files without including the entire library (and preferably without sticking these files in any sort of PATH. Everything should be included in the one directory)
• I can use Eclipse on the 64-bit Win7 computer if need be, but I also have to be able to compile and use it on 32-bit Linux as well
• If you think I might or might not know something related to this subject in any way shape or form, please assume I do not know it, and tell me

EDIT2: I was able to get Froyo's pygame example working on Linux using Python 2.7 and pygame 1.9.1. the pygame.camera.camera_list() call didn't work, but it was unnecessary for the rest of the example. However, I had to call cam.set_controls() (for which you can find the documentation here http://www.pygame.org/docs/ref/camera.html ) to up the brightness so I could actually see anything in the image I captured.

Also, I need to call the cam.get_image() and pygame.image.save() methods three times before the image I supposedly took on the first pair of calls actually gets saved. They appeared to be stuck in a weird buffer. Basically, instead of calling cam.get_image() once, I had to call it three times every single time I wanted to capture an image. Then and only then did I call pygame.image.save().

Unfortunately, as stated below, pygame.camera is only supported on Linux. I still don't have a solution for Windows.

Answer 1

@thebjorn has given a good answer. But if you want more options, you can try OpenCV, SimpleCV.

using SimpleCV (not supported in python3.x):

from SimpleCV import Image, Camera

cam = Camera()
img = cam.getImage()
img.save("filename.jpg")

using OpenCV :

from cv2 import *
# initialize the camera
cam = VideoCapture(0)   # 0 -> index of camera
s, img = cam.read()
if s:    # frame captured without any errors
    namedWindow("cam-test",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
    imshow("cam-test",img)
    waitKey(0)
    destroyWindow("cam-test")
    imwrite("filename.jpg",img) #save image

using pygame :

import pygame
import pygame.camera

pygame.camera.init()
pygame.camera.list_cameras() #Camera detected or not
cam = pygame.camera.Camera("/dev/video0",(640,480))
cam.start()
img = cam.get_image()
pygame.image.save(img,"filename.jpg")

Install OpenCV :

install python-opencv bindings, numpy

Install SimpleCV :

install python-opencv, pygame, numpy, scipy, simplecv

get latest version of SimpleCV

Install pygame :

install pygame

Answer 2

On windows it is easy to interact with your webcam with pygame:

from VideoCapture import Device
cam = Device()
cam.saveSnapshot('image.jpg')

I haven't tried using pygame on linux (all my linux boxen are servers without X), but this link might be helpful http://www.jperla.com/blog/post/capturing-frames-from-a-webcam-on-linux

Answer 3

Some time ago I wrote simple Webcam Capture API which can be used for that. The project is available on Github.

Example code:

Webcam webcam = Webcam.getDefault();
webcam.open();
try {
  ImageIO.write(webcam.getImage(), "PNG", new File("test.png"));
} catch (IOException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
  webcam.close();
}

Answer 4

import cv2
camera = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
while True:
    return_value,image = camera.read()
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    cv2.imshow('image',gray)
    if cv2.waitKey(1)& 0xFF == ord('s'):
        cv2.imwrite('test.jpg',image)
        break
camera.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

Answer 5

I wrote a tool to capture images from a webcam entirely in Python, based on DirectShow. You can find it here: https://github.com/andreaschiavinato/python_grabber .

You can use the whole application or just the class FilterGraph in dshow_graph.py in the following way:

from pygrabber.dshow_graph import FilterGraph
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.image import imsave

graph = FilterGraph()
print(graph.get_input_devices())
device_index = input("Enter device number: ")
graph.add_input_device(int(device_index))
graph.display_format_dialog()
filename = r"c:\temp\imm.png"
# np.flip(image, axis=2) required to convert image from BGR to RGB
graph.add_sample_grabber(lambda image : imsave(filename, np.flip(image, axis=2)))
graph.add_null_render()
graph.prepare()
graph.run()
x = input("Press key to grab photo")
graph.grab_frame()
x = input(f"File {filename} saved. Press key to end")
graph.stop()

Answer 6

It can be done by using ecapture First, run

pip install ecapture

Then in a new python script type:

    from ecapture import ecapture as ec

    ec.capture(0,"test","img.jpg")

More information from this link

Answer 7

I am able to achieve it, this way in Python:

Please install PyAutoGUI

import pyautogui as pg #For taking screenshot
import time # For necessary delay

# Launch Windows OS Camera
subprocess.run('start microsoft.windows.camera:', shell=True) 

time.sleep(1) # Required !
img=pg.screenshot() # Take screenshot using PyAutoGUI's function
time.sleep(1) # Required !
img.save(<Your File Path HERE with extenstion>) # Save image screenshot at desired location on your computer

#Close the camera
subprocess.run('Taskkill /IM WindowsCamera.exe /F', shell=True)