如何在 Node 中解析数据 URL？

Question

I've got a data URL like this:

data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAA...

What's the easiest way to get this as binary data (say, a Buffer ) so I can write it to a file?

Answer 1

Put the data into a Buffer using the 'base64' encoding, then write this to a file:

var fs = require('fs');
var string = "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAUAAAAFCAYAAACNbyblAAAAHElEQVQI12P4//8/w38GIAXDIBKE0DHxgljNBAAO9TXL0Y4OHwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==";
var regex = /^data:.+\/(.+);base64,(.*)$/;

var matches = string.match(regex);
var ext = matches[1];
var data = matches[2];
var buffer = Buffer.from(data, 'base64');
fs.writeFileSync('data.' + ext, buffer);

Answer 2

Try this

var dataUrl = "data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAUAAAAFCAYAAACNbyblAAAAHElEQVQI12P4//8/w38GIAXDIBKE0DHxgljNBAAO9TXL0Y4OHwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==";
var buffer = new Buffer(dataUrl.split(",")[1], 'base64');

Answer 3

I also met such questions (parsing and validating data URL) recently and found the following workaround: https://gist.github.com/bgrins/6194623

I created 2 packages to make working with data URL easier in the code. Here they are: https://github.com/killmenot/valid-data-url
https://github.com/killmenot/parse-data-url

Check out examples

Answer 4

This method works for me

function dataURItoBlob(dataURI) {
  // convert base64 to raw binary data held in a string
  var data = dataURI.split(',')[1]; 
  var byteString = Buffer.from(data, "base64");

  // separate out the mime component
  var mimeString = dataURI.split(",")[0].split(":")[1].split(";")[0];

  // write the ArrayBuffer to a blob, and you're done
  var blob = new Blob([byteString], { type: mimeString  });
  return blob;
}

to use

var uri = 'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAUAAAAFCAYAAACNbyblAAAAHElEQVQI12P4//8/w38GIAXDIBKE0DHxgljNBAAO9TXL0Y4OHwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=='; 
dataURItoBlob(uri)

Answer 5

I was looking into the sources of Node.js and stumbled upon this code that decodes a data URL into a Buffer . Although the function is not public and exclusively intended to parse encoded ES modules, it sheds light on aspects of data URLs that are apparently not considered by some other answers: the content of data URLs must not be base64 encoded and may be URL encoded , and it may even be unencoded.

Essentially, the Node.js logic boils down to something like the code below plus error handling:

const parsed = new URL(url);
const match = /^[^/]+\/[^,;]+(?:[^,]*?)(;base64)?,([\s\S]*)$/.exec(parsed.pathname);
const { 1: base64, 2: body } = match;
const buffer = Buffer.from(decodeURIComponent(body), base64 ? 'base64' : 'utf8');

This will correctly handle different encodings of a Javascript file with the content console.log("Node.js"); :

• data:text/javascript,console.log("Node.js");
• data:text/javascript,console.log(%22Node.js%22)%3B
• data:text/javascript;base64,Y29uc29sZS5sb2coIk5vZGUuanMiKTs=

The resulting buffer can be converted into a string if required with buffer.toString() .