在python中获取所有属性XML并将其变为字典

Question

XML:

<main>
    <item name="item1" image="a"></item>
    <item name="item2" image="b"></item>
    <item name="item3" image="c"></item>
    <item name="item4" image="d"></item>
</main>

Python:

xmldoc = minidom.parse('blah.xml')
itemlist = xmldoc.getElementsByTagName('item')
for item in itemlist :
    #####I want to make a dictionary of each item

So I would get

{'name':'item1','image':'a'}
{'name':'item2','image':'b'}
{'name':'item3','image':'c'}
{'name':'item4','image':'d'}

Does anyone know how to do this? Is there a function?

Answer 1

The following code will create the dictionaries (no additional libraries are needed):

dicts = []
for item in itemlist:
    d = {}    
    for a in item.attributes.values():
        d[a.name] = a.value
    dicts.append(d)
print dicts

Answer 2

I suggest to prefer the newer xml.etree.ElementTree standard module to the xml.dom.minidom . Try the following:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

tree = ET.parse('test.xml')
for element in tree.getiterator('item'):
    print element.attrib

It prints

{'image': 'a', 'name': 'item1'}
{'image': 'b', 'name': 'item2'}
{'image': 'c', 'name': 'item3'}
{'image': 'd', 'name': 'item4'}

Here the .getiterator('item') traverses all elements of the tree and returns the elements named item . The .attrib of each element is a dictionary of the element attributes -- this is exactly what you want.

Actually, the elements behave as lists of subelements. With the above attributes are items in the dictionary , the ElemenTree fits much better with Python than the DOM approach.

Add the following code to the above sample:

print '----------------'
root = tree.getroot()
ET.dump(root)

print '----------------'
print root.tag
print root.attrib
for elem in root:
    print elem.tag, elem.attrib

It prints:

----------------
<main>
    <item image="a" name="item1" />
    <item image="b" name="item2" />
    <item image="c" name="item3" />
    <item image="d" name="item4" />
</main>
----------------
main
{}
item {'image': 'a', 'name': 'item1'}
item {'image': 'b', 'name': 'item2'}
item {'image': 'c', 'name': 'item3'}
item {'image': 'd', 'name': 'item4'}

Answer 3

Using this Python recipe:

from xml2obj import xml2obj

data = xml2obj(s)['item']

# data content:
>>> [{image:u'a', name:u'item1'},
>>>  {image:u'b', name:u'item2'},
>>>  {image:u'c', name:u'item3'},
>>>  {image:u'd', name:u'item4'}]

Answer 4

Upon actually trying this out, it errors out somewhere, but this should get you started if you don't want to use one of the other answers.

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

xml = BeautifulSoup('''
<main>
    <item name="item1" image="a"></item>
    <item name="item2" image="b"></item>
    <item name="item3" image="c"></item>
    <item name="item4" image="d"></item>
</main>
''')

item = xml.find_all('item')

count = 0
for snippet in item:
    eval('attribute' + str(count) = {'name':item[count]['name'],
                                     'image':item[count]['image']})
    count += 1

Answer 5

This Python code will perform the task you want, but the output is not sorted as you indicated in your example output. Dictionaries have access by key but are not sorted.

from xml.etree import ElementTree
treexml = ElementTree.parse('test.xml')
for element in treexml.getiterator():
    dict_keys={}
    if element.keys():
        for name, value in element.items():
            dict_keys[name]=value
        print dict_keys

Answer 6

List/dictionary comprehension version of the accepted answer :

dicts = [{a.name: a.value for a in item.attributes.values()} for item in itemlist]
print dicts