一般来说IPython导入失败和python sys.path

Question

I'm following this post to make one ipython rule all the virtualenvs.

From what I understand, the main idea of the post is that when in a virtualenv, ipython can not find its modules.

(a-virtualenv)me@pc:~$ ipython
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 19, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
ImportError: No module named IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp

To work around this, I add this to my /usr/bin/ipython

import sys
if "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages" not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append("/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages")

This trick works for Balthazar. But in my case, I get this

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 46, in <module>
    from .frontend.terminal.embed import embed
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/frontend/terminal/embed.py", line 37, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import load_default_config
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/frontend/terminal/ipapp.py", line 38, in <module>
    from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/core/completer.py", line 84, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import generics
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/generics.py", line 19, in <module>
    from IPython.external.simplegeneric import generic
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external/simplegeneric/__init__.py", line 4, in <module>
    from _simplegeneric import *
ImportError: No module named _simplegeneric

I thought maybe I should add /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external to sys.path in /usr/bin/ipython as well. What I get is

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/bin/ipython", line 18, in <module>
    from IPython.frontend.terminal.ipapp import launch_new_instance
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/__init__.py", line 43, in <module>
    from .config.loader import Config
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/config/loader.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.utils.path import filefind, get_ipython_dir
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/path.py", line 24, in <module>
    from IPython.utils.process import system
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/process.py", line 27, in <module>
    from ._process_posix import _find_cmd, system, getoutput, arg_split
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/_process_posix.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import text
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/utils/text.py", line 27, in <module>
    from IPython.external.path import path
ImportError: cannot import name path

This error occurred on line 43 of IPython/__init__py , but the previous one occurred on line 46.

1. How can I make ipython work with virtualenv?

2. How can adding /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/external to sys.path resulting a new error?

3. What should I read to get a better understanding of python import path?

Thanks!

PS: normal IPython sys.path

['',
 '/usr/bin',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/PIL',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gst-0.10',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',
 '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntu-sso-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-client',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-control-panel',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-couch',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-installer',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ubuntuone-storage-protocol',
 '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/IPython/extensions']

Answer 1

IPython seems to work now!

Because ipython can not find simplegeneric. I tried to locate simplegeneric and found simplegeneric is in '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7'. After '/usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7' being added, ipython works fine.

Jeff Tratner's comment really helps!

Answer 2

If you install ipython3 using apt-get , you would not face any problems like that.

Instead of ipython , you should type ipython3 on the terminal.

For Python 2 use ipython2 .

Answer 3

Making changes to the path did not help in any way. However running ipython as a super user worked (although I'm not proud of it!)

sudo ipython

Answer 4

pip install ipython instead of apt-get install ipython . The former installs into the virtualenv, the latter installs into your system python packages.

Answer 5

I had the same problem, in my case the cause of it was that the directory: /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages was not added to the path when the virtual environment was created (I would like to know why)

In my case the following in the terminal solved the problem:

workon 'your_environment_here'
add2virtualenv /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages

Note: This assumes you are using virtualenvwrapper

Answer 6

In my case, it was a package higher up in my customized Python path named "path" that was causing the ImportError from:

import IPython.external.path as path

See https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/3994

Answer 7

I experienced some weirdness in a new ubuntu host, and realized I was getting different behaviors for mkvirtualenv on mac versus the ubuntu. I got past this difference with

'mkvirtualenv --system-site-packages mynewenv'

Answer 8

对我来说，解决方案是将 IPython从0.13.2 升级到目前最新的4.0.0。

Answer 9

Similar traceback I experienced with python 3.5.4 and pip 10.0.1 after installing ipython successfully.

line 32, in <module>
from .debugger import TerminalPdb, Pdb
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/terminal/debugger.py", line 6, in <module>
    from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/core/completer.py", line 137, in <module>
    from IPython.utils import generics
File "/usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/IPython/utils/generics.py", line 8, in <module>
from simplegeneric import generic
ImportError: No module named 'simplegeneric'

updating or installing the simplegeneric ie sudo pip install simplegeneric --upgrade I get

Requirement already up-to-date: simplegeneric in /usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages (0.8.1)

After some initial trial I searched on google/stackoverflow to see if anyone else faced similar problem and found this. And its @zjk answer that helps me to find solution.

Solutions: Found only egg folder in the python3.5 installed package dir. So I removed them and fresh install the simplegeneric .

sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/python3.5/site-packages/simplegeneric-0.8.1-py3.5.egg-info/
sudo pip install simplegeneric

after that ipython worked just like charm.

NB: I install the package at the system level that's why sudo required.