保持项目在多个.NET版本之间同步

Question

I need to create some core libraries within my application which will be available in both .NET 3.5 and .NET 4.0. I'm happy creating multiple projects, creating the required defines and using #ifdef to control which code make it into which output assembly.

However, what I would like to know is if there is a way of keeping those projects in sync? When I am developing under XNA, I have a Windows build and a Windows Phone build - and XNA injects a property into the project file called XnaCrossPlatformGroupID . What it does with that is enable Visual Studio to automagically make sure that when a file is added to a project, it is added to the corresponding project. So, for example, if I add a file called Foo.cs to the Windows copy of my project, then that same file is added to the Windows Phone copy of the project.

Is there any way of replicating that sort of behaviour for a normal set of projects within Visual Studio? I would prefer not to use build configurations, as I would like to be able to compile all targeted platforms in a single step, without resorting to tools outside of the IDE (something like TeamCity, for instance). Or is there another method that allows a project to be built against multiple targets without peppering the solution with 20 different build configurations?

Answer 1

What I do is:

• have one "regular" csproj that I use for most of my dev, adding files etc - but remembering that really all files are "in"

• for the other csproj, use something like:

   <ItemGroup> <Compile Include="..\\Foo\\**\\*.cs" /> </ItemGroup> 

(that is basically the same as "add as link", but without needing to be done on a per-file basis)

This is a recursive include of all *.cs files, so everything is in. No file maintenance needed.

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If you were trying to target multiple frameworks (rather than multiple versions ), then another option might be: use a Portable Class Library . This is a single project that works on multiple frameworks, but is limited to the strict intersection of features from the platforms you target. In VS2010 this is an add-in feature; it is included by default in VS 11.

Answer 2

What I do with my cross platform projects is to have different slns, each for one platform.

The shared code lives in a common location and is added "as a link" into the correct csproj's. This csproj also contain any platform specific files. If a "common code" file needs to be conditional based on current platform you can choose to replace that with two platform-specific files or put a #ifdef in it (depends on how much of it is different).

Note that you can also add one solution to another inside Visual Studio. This "combined" solution can be used for automated builds for all platforms.

Example: https://github.com/ananthonline/graffiti

This works great for me, YMMV. Hope this helps.