[英]Why does the Java compiler sometimes allow the unboxing of null?
For example: 例如:
int anInt = null;
fails at compile time but 在编译时失败但是
public static void main(String[] args) {
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
System.out.println("" + getSomeVal());
}
}
public static int getSomeVal() {
return new Random().nextBoolean() ? 1 : null;
}
fails (usually) at run time. 在运行时(通常)失败。 Trying to return just
null
will also result in a compile error, so I assume there is something about having multiple paths that causes the compiler to infer that null
is potentially an autoboxed int
? 尝试返回
null
也会导致编译错误,所以我假设有一些关于有多个路径导致编译器推断null
可能是一个自动装箱的int
? Why can javac not fail to compile both cases with the same error? 为什么javac能够以相同的错误编译这两种情况?
In the first case, the compiler knows that you're trying to unbox a compile-time constant of null
. 在第一种情况下,编译器知道您正在尝试将编译时常量取消设置为
null
。
In the second case, the type of the conditional expression is Integer
, so you're effectively writing: 在第二种情况下,条件表达式的类型是
Integer
,因此您可以有效地编写:
Integer tmp = new Random().nextBoolean() ? 1 : null;
return (int) tmp;
... so the unboxing isn't happening on a constant expression, and the compiler will allow it. ...所以取消装箱不会发生在常量表达式上,编译器会允许它。
If you changed it to force the conditional expression to be of type int
by unboxing there , it would fail: 如果你改变它以通过在那里取消装箱强制条件表达式为
int
类型,它将失败:
// Compile-time failure
return new Random().nextBoolean() ? 1 : (int) null;
Boxing partially hides the distinction between primitives and corresponding wrapper objects, but it doesn't remove it. Boxing部分隐藏了基元和相应的包装器对象之间的区别,但它并没有将其删除。
There are two distinctions which are not changed by boxing: 拳击没有改变两个区别:
Occasionally, these differences can cause problems when using boxing. 偶尔,这些差异可能会导致使用拳击时出现问题。
Some points to remember : 有些要记住的要点:
NullPointerException
. NullPointerException
。 ==
and equals
must be done with care. ==
和equals
必须小心。 You can't assign null to an int 您不能将null分配给int
int anInt = null;
Java allows this since you are not assigning null to an int Java允许这样做,因为您没有为int赋值null
System.out.println("" + getSomeVal()); //null was just converted to a srting and was printed
If you perform this, you can get the error 如果执行此操作,则可以获得错误
int anInt = getSomeVal();
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