如何在 Bean Validation 1.0 中构造 ConstraintViolationException？

Question

I am puzzled by the javax.validation API. I am writing a simple test to understand it:

Sample sample = new Sample();
Set<ConstraintViolation<Sample>> violations = validator.validate(sample);
if (!violations.isEmpty()) {
    // Eclipse refuses to let me use my violations variable
    throw new ConstraintViolationException(violations);
}

How should I declare the set of violations so I can use it in my exception constructor?

Answer 1

You can work around this like so:

throw new ConstraintViolationException(
    new HashSet<ConstraintViolation<?>>(violations));

You may be interested in tracking BVAL-198 which addresses this issue.

Answer 2

This is a known usability issue in Bean Validation 1.0. This issue was addressed in Bean Validation 1.1 by issue BVAL-198 , "Simplify creation of ConstraintViolationExceptions". Upgrading to Bean Validation 1.1 or later will allow your code to compile as written.

The specific issue is that the ConstraintViolationException constructors accepted Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> for their constraintViolations parameter. Since Set<ConstraintViolation<Sample>> is not a subtype of Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> , it could not be passed into the constructor, with a compilation error occurring when attempting to do so.

Bean validation 1.1.0 changed the constructors to instead accept Set<? extends ConstraintViolation<?>> Set<? extends ConstraintViolation<?>> . As this is a supertype of Set<ConstraintViolation<Sample>> , it can be passed directly to the constructor.

As mentioned in this other answer , the fix while still on Bean Validation 1.0 was to pass in a Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> instead of Set<ConstraintViolation<Sample>> :

throw new ConstraintViolationException(
    new HashSet<ConstraintViolation<?>>(violations));