是否可以使用C ++流类来缓冲从管道读取的内容？

Question

In short, is it possible to do buffered reads from a pipe from a stream class, along the lines of what this pseudo-example describes.

Please ignore any pedantic problems you see (like not checking errors & the like); I'm doing all that in my real code, this is just a pseudo-example to get across my question.

#include <iostream> // or istream, ifstream, strstream, etc; whatever stream could pull this off
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sstream>

void myFunc() {
  int pipefd[2][2] = {{0,0},{0,0}};

  pipe2( pipefd[0], O_NONBLOCK );
  pipe2( pipefd[1], O_NONBLOCK );

  if( 0 == fork() ) {
    close( pipefd[0][1] );
    close( pipefd[1][1] );
    dup2( pipefd[0][0], stdout );
    dup2( pipefd[1][0], stderr );
    execv( /* some arbitrary program */ );
  } else {
    close( pipefd[0][0] );
    close( pipefd[1][0] );

    /* cloudy bubble here for the 'right thing to do'.
     * Obviously this is faulty code; look at the intent,
     * not the implementation.
     */
#ifdef RIGHT_THING_TO_DO
    for( int ii = 0; ii < 2; ++ii ) {
      cin.tie( pipefd[ii][1] );
      do {
        cin.readline( /* ... */ );
      } while( /* ... */ );
    }
#else
    // This is what I'm doing now; it works, but I'm
    // curious whether it can be done more concisely
    do {
      do {
        select( /* ... */ );
        for( int ii = 0; ii < 2; ++ii ) {
          if( FD_SET( fd[ii][1], &rfds ) ) {
            read( fd[ii][1], buff, 4096 );
            if( /* read returned a value > 0 */ ) {
              myStringStream << buff;
            } else {
              FD_CLR( fd[ii][1], &rfds );
            }
          }
        }
      } while( /* select returned a value > 0 */ );
    } while( 0 == waitpid( -1, 0, WNOHANG ) );
#endif
  }
}

---

Edit

Here's a simple example of how to use boost::file_descriptor to work with a pipe; should work with sockets too, didn't test though.

This is how I compiled it:

g++ -m32 -DBOOST_IOSTREAMS_NO_LIB -isystem ${BOOST_PATH}/include \
  ${BOOST_SRC_PATH}/libs/iostreams/src/file_descriptor.cpp blah.cc -o blah

Here's the example:

#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#include <boost/iostreams/device/file_descriptor.hpp>
#include <boost/iostreams/stream.hpp>

int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {
  // if you just do 'using namespace...', there's a
  // namespace collision with the global 'write'
  // function used in the child
  namespace io = boost::iostreams;

  int pipefd[] = {0,0};
  pipe( pipefd, 0 );  // If you use O_NONBLOCK, you'll have to
                      // add some extra checks to the loop so
                      // it will wait until the child is finished.

  if( 0 == fork() ) {
    // child
    close( pipefd[0] ); // read handle
    dup2( pipefd[1], FILENO_STDOUT );
    printf( "This\nis\na\ntest\nto\nmake sure that\nit\nis\working as expected.\n" );
    return 0; // ya ya, shoot me ;p
  }

  // parent

  close( pipefd[1] ); // write handle

  char *buff = new char[1024];
  memset( buff, 0, 1024 );

  io::stream<io::file_descriptor_source> fds(
    io::file_descriptor_source( pipefd[0], io::never_close_handle ) );

  // this should work with std::getline as well
  while(   fds.getline( buff, 1024 )
        && fds.gcount() > 0 // this condition is not enough if you use
                            // O_NONBLOCK; it should only bail if this
                            // is false AND the child has exited
       ) {
    printf( "%s,", buff );
  }

  printf( "\n" );
}

Answer 1

There sure is. There's an example from the book "The C++ Standard Library: a Tutorial and Reference" for how to make a std::streambuf that wraps file descriptors (like those you get from pipe()). From that creating a stream on top of it is trivial.

Edit: here's the book: http://www.josuttis.com/libbook/

And here's an example output buffer using file descriptors: http://www.josuttis.com/libbook/io/outbuf2.hpp.html

Also, here's an example input buffer: http://www.josuttis.com/libbook/io/inbuf1.hpp.html

Answer 2

You'd want a stream that can be created with an existing file descriptor, or a stream that creates a pipe itself. Unfortunately there's no such standard stream type.

You could write your own or use, for example, boost::iostreams::file_descriptor .

Writing your own entails creating a subclass of basic_streambuf, and then then creating a very simple subclass of basic_i/ostream that does little more than hold your streambuf class and provide convenient constructors.