访问数组中对象的值

Question

Consider the following array of objects:

class Person {
    public $name;
    public $occupation;
    public function __construct($n, $o){
        $this->name = $n;
        $this->occupation = $o;
    }
}

$people = array(
    new Person("John",   "singer"),
    new Person("Paul",   "guitar"),
    new Person("George", "bass"),
    new Person("Ringo",  "drums")
);

Is there any quick way to access the objects? I wouldn't mind storing them in a different datatype (as opposed to array) if another datatype could make access easier.

Example of accessing an object: I would like to now change the "Paul" object to have an occupation of singer. This is the current solution:

foreach ( $people as &$p ) {
        if ( $p->name=="Paul" )
                $p->occupation="singer";
}

Alternatively, I might need to access based on a different property: Let's change all the singers' names to Yoko:

foreach ( $people as &$p ) {
        if ( $p->occupation=="singer" )
                $p->="Yoko";
}

Another example of accessing an object, this time in order to get the occupation of Ringo:

$ringosOccupation="";
foreach ( $people as $p ) {
        if ( $p->name=="Ringo" )
                $ringosOccupation = $p->occupation;
}

I suppose that I could write a People class that stores each Person object in an internal array and supplies functions to change or read occupation, but if PHP has anything cleverer build in I would love to know.

Thanks.

Answer 1

Why aren't you just setting the key of the elements to the name?

$people = array(
    'john'   => new Person("John",   "singer"),
    'paul'   => new Person("Paul",   "guitar"),
    'george' => new Person("George", "bass"),
    'ringo'  => new Person("Ringo",  "drums"),
);

Answer 2

Just index your array with the names:

$people = array(
    "John" => new Person("John",   "singer"),
    "Paul" => new Person("Paul",   "guitar"),
    "George" => new Person("George", "bass"),
    "Ringo" => new Person("Ringo",  "drums")
);

// Paul is the new drummer:
$people["Paul"]->occupation = "drums";

It creates a little bit of redundancy, but surely that redundancy won't be more memory or compute intensive than looping over all of them to locate the one you need every time you need to modify something.

Update:

After the question was updated, it is clear that names may be non-unique or other properties needed for access. In that case, you might be better off using a database to store object state if you have to do it often. You can't escape needing to iterate over the array if it can't be uniquely indexed. It is trivially easy to make these changes in a database, but you would need to be rebuilding the objects all the time.

So, if your array is not too large, keep looping like you have been. If it meets your performance needs, its an ok method. If you have lots and lots of these to modify, and modify often, I would suggest storing them in a database and building the objects only when you need to read one out. Then you could do:

UPDATE people SET name = 'Yoko' WHERE occupation = 'singer'