Python 正确解析 CSV

Question

I am very new to Python. I want to parse a csv file such that it will recognize quoted values - for example

1997,Ford,E350,"Super, luxurious truck"

should be split as

('1997', 'Ford', 'E350', 'Super, luxurious truck')

and NOT

('1997', 'Ford', 'E350', '"Super', ' luxurious truck"')

the above is what I get if I use something like str.split(,) .

How do I do this? Also would it be best to store these values in an array or some other data structure? because after I get these values from the csv I want to be able to easily choose, lets say any two of the columns and store it as another array or some other data structure.

Answer 1

You should use the csv module:

import csv
reader = csv.reader(['1997,Ford,E350,"Super, luxurious truck"'], skipinitialspace=True)
for r in reader:
    print r

output:

['1997', 'Ford', 'E350', 'Super, luxurious truck']

Answer 2

The following method worked perfectly

d = {}
d['column1name'] = []
d['column2name'] = []
d['column3name'] = []

dictReader = csv.DictReader(open('filename.csv', 'rb'), fieldnames = ['column1name', 'column2name', 'column3name'], delimiter = ',', quotechar = '"')

for row in dictReader:
    for key in row:
        d[key].append(row[key])

The columns are stored in dictionary with the column names as the key.

Answer 3

You have to define the doublequote as the quotechar whithin the csv.reader() statement:

>>> with open(r'<path_to_csv_test_file>') as csv_file:
...     reader = csv.reader(csv_file, delimiter=',', quotechar='"')
...     print(reader.next())
... 
['1997', 'Ford', 'E350', 'Super, luxurious truck']
>>> 

Answer 4

If you don't want to use the CSV module you need to use a regular expression. Try this:

import re
regex = ",(?=(?:[^\"]*\"[^\"]*\")*[^\"]*$)"
string = '1997,Ford,E350,"Super, luxurious truck"'
array = re.split(regex, string)

print(array[3])
"Super, luxurious truck"

Answer 5

The csv.py module is probably fine - but if you want to see and/or control how it works, here is a small python only solution based on a coroutine:

def csv_parser(delimiter=','):
    field = []
    while True:
        char = (yield(''.join(field)))
        field = []

        leading_whitespace = []    
        while char and char == ' ':
            leading_whitespace.append(char)
            char = (yield)

        if char == '"' or char == "'":
            suround = char
            char = (yield)
            while True:
                if char == suround:
                    char = (yield)
                    if not char == suround:
                        break

                field.append(char)
                char = (yield)

            while not char == delimiter:
                if char == None:
                    (yield(''.join(field)))
                char = (yield)
        else:
            field = leading_whitespace
            while not char == delimiter:
                if char == None:
                    (yield(''.join(field)))
                field.append(char)
                char = (yield)

def parse_csv(csv_text):
    processor = csv_parser()
    processor.next() # start the processor coroutine

    split_result = []
    for c in list(csv_text) + [None]:
        emit = processor.send(c)
        if emit:
            split_result.append(emit)

    return split_result

print parse_csv('1997,Ford,E350,"Super, luxurious truck"')

Tested on python 2.7