需要帮助了解如何ajaxify一个网站

Question

I recently found this gist on how to Ajaxify a Website with the HTML5 History API using History.js, jQuery and ScrollTo: https://github.com/browserstate/ajaxify

I am having a hard time getting a simple version of this working and am not sure I understand everything. First, I loaded all the scripts provided in the gist, then set up a really simple nav and content section:

 <ul id="nav">
    <li id="home-link"><a href="/" title="Home">Home</a>/</li>
    <li id="work-link"><a href="/work" title="Work">Work</a>/</li>
    <li id="labs-link"><a href="/labs" title="Labs">Labs</a>/</li>
    <li id="blog-link"><a href="/blog" title="Blog">Blog</a>/</li>
    <li id="contact-link"><a href="/contact" title="Contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>

<div id="content"></div>

Next, I changed the selector variables to match the html:

/* Application Specific Variables */
contentSelector = '#content',
$content = $(contentSelector),
contentNode = $content.get(0),
$menu = $('#nav'),
activeClass = 'active',
activeSelector = '.active',
menuChildrenSelector = 'li',

What I'm supposed to do next is where I get lost. All I want to do is load in html content specific to the nav link selected. So if I clicked "Work", I would like to load a work.html file into the content section and change the url to "mywebsite.com/work". To keep things easy lets say work.html and all other ajaxable content is located in the same directory.

Any help is greatly appreciated! Cheers!

Answer 1

So here is a real bare bones example of how I ended up ajaxifying the website I was working on that inspired this question. Sorry for the really long delay. First the HTML:

    <ul id="nav">
        <li id="home-link"><a href="home" class="ajaxify" title="Home">Home</a></li>
        <li id="work-link"><a href="work" class="ajaxify" title="Work">Work</a></li>
        <li id="labs-link"><a href="labs" class="ajaxify" title="Labs">Labs</a></li>
        <li id="blog-link"><a href="blog" class="ajaxify" title="Blog">Blog</a></li>
    </ul>

    <div id="content">Home Content</div>

Next the Javascript:

 <script type="text/javascript">

    var directory = 'content/'; //directory of the content we want to ajax in
    var state = History.getState();

    //for when they click on an ajax link
    $('.ajaxify').on('click', function(e){
        var $this = $(this);
        var href = $this.attr('href'); // use the href value to determine what content to ajax in
        $.ajax({
            url: directory + href + '.html', // create the necessary path for our ajax request
            dataType: 'html',
            success: function(data) {
                $('#content').html(data); // place our ajaxed content into our content area
                History.pushState(null,href, href + '.html'); // change the url and add our ajax request to our history
            }
        });
        e.preventDefault(); // we don't want the anchor tag to perform its native function
    });

    //for when they hit the back button
    $(window).on('statechange', function(){
        state = History.getState(); // find out what we previously ajaxed in
        $.ajax({
            url: directory + state.title + '.html', //create our path
            dataType: 'html',
            success: function(data) {
                $('#content').html(data);
            }
        });
    });
    </script>

Essentially all I am doing is intercepting anchor tag clicks with the class 'ajaxify' used to signal what specific content I want to load in. Once I intercept the click and determine what content to load, I then use history.js pushSate() to keep track of what order the user is going through the site and change the url without reloading the page. If they decide to hit the back button, the statechange listener will load in the correct content. If they decide to hit the refresh button, you will need to come up with a method of duplicating your index page with the different url names. This is easy to do in php or you could just copy, paste, and rename the index page as needed.

Here is an example I posted on Github: https://github.com/eivers88/ajaxify-simple-demo

Just a reminder, when working with ajax locally, it is best to run your projects on a personal web server like MAMP or WAMP . This demo will fail in chrome without a server running. However, it should work in firefox without a server.

Answer 2

There are a variety of things you would need to do given those requirements. Here is a function you can use:

function doAjax(htmlpage){
$.ajax({
    url:"/"+htmlpage, 
    type: 'GET',
    success: function(data){
        $('#content').html(data)
    }
});
}

The the simplest way to hook this out would be to adjust your tags above to be like:

<a href="#" onclick="doAjax('work.html');return false;"><img></a>

It would however be slightly more "correct" (though functionally the same) to do this with jquery in a script tag at the top:

$(function () {
    $('#buttonid1').click(function(){doAjax('work.html')});
    $('#buttonid2').click(function(){doAjax('about.html')});
    $('#buttonid3').click(function(){doAjax('contact.html')});
});

Note in both cases, these "work.html" pages shouldn't be full html documents, they should just be what goes in your content div.

This ajax will do nothing to change the url that your visitor sees. To get that to work, you'll have to use the html5 history api . It is quite a bit more complicated than the the ajax request I have above. So if you don't have a full mastery of what I wrote above, it may or may not be appropriate.