C＃中的线程问题（字段初始化器无法引用非静态字段，等等）

Question

Im having a quite annoying problem with threading in C#. I get the error "A field initializer cannot reference the non-static field, method, or property 'Scraper.Form1.scrapeStart()'" When using this code:

public partial class Form1 : Form
{
    public Thread scrape = new Thread(() => scrapeStart()); //This is where the error happens
    public About about = new About();
    public Form1()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }

    public void appendOutput(String s)
    {
        output.AppendText(s);
        output.SelectionStart = output.Text.Length;
        output.ScrollToCaret();
        output.Refresh();
    }

    public void scrapeStart(){
        Button button1 = new Button();
        appendOutput("");
        button1.Enabled = true;
    }

    private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        about.ShowDialog();
    }

    private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        button1.Enabled = false;
        scrape.Start();
    }

    private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        scrape.Abort();
        button1.Enabled = true;
    }
}

I realize that if I made the function scrapeStart static it would work, but that would make appendOutput(""); and button1.Enabled = true throw errors. And if I put the new Thread in where its started (button1_Click) then it cannot be aborted in button2_Click.

Im a bit knew to C# so I may have either done everything horribly wrong, or it may just be a small problem. But either way, could someone please help me?

Answer 1

This really has nothing to do with threading. You'll see exactly the same problem if you write:

public class Foo
{
    int x = 10;
    int y = x;   
}

Or even more clearly:

public class Bar
{
    object obj = this;
}

There's the slight distraction here that the this reference is implicit - you're creating a delegate with a target of this .

The solution is just to put the assignment into the constructor:

public Thread scrape;
public About about = new About();
public Form1()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    scrape = new Thread(scrapeStart);
}

As an aside:

• Please don't use public fields!
• Please adhere to .NET naming conventions
• You'll also need to fix the threading parts of scrapeStart , which shouldn't be accessing UI elements directly

Answer 2

I think you need to use InvokeRequired.

public void scrapeStart()
{
    if (InvokeRequired)
    {
    this.Invoke(new Action(scrapeStart));
    return;
    }
    Button button1 = new Button();
    appendOutput("");
    button1.Enabled = true;
}