如何告诉QuickCheck只为参数生成有效的列表索引？

Question

Say I want to write some unit tests for the (!!) function.

my_prop xs n = ...

I want to restrict n to only valid indexes and I know I could do something like

my_prop xs n = (not.null) (drop n xs) ==> ...

But this makes it so that the vast majority of the generated cases are invalid and get thrown away. Is there a way I can set things up so that QuickCheck generates the xs list first and uses its value to generate only valid cases of n ?

Answer 1

使用forAll ，您可以为n指定一个生成器 ，它取决于先前的参数，例如

my_prop (NonEmpty xs) = forAll (choose (0, length xs - 1)) $ \n -> ...

Answer 2

You can make a generator that only creates valid indices and write your property like

import Test.QuickCheck
import Test.QuickCheck.Gen
import System.Random

indices :: [a] -> Gen Int
indices xs = MkGen $ \sg _ -> fst $ randomR (0, length xs - 1) sg

my_prop :: [Char] -> Property
my_prop xs = not (null xs) ==> forAll (indices xs) (\i -> xs !! i /= '0')

eliminating the Int argument.

Answer 3

As suggested by Daniel Wagner, one possibility is creating my own datatype and giving it an Arbitrary instance.

data ListAndIndex a = ListAndIndex [a] Int deriving (Show)

instance Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (ListAndIndex a) where
   arbitrary = do
     (NonEmpty xs) <- arbitrary
     n  <- elements [0..(length xs - 1)]
     return $ ListAndIndex xs n

NonEmpty is from a custom type in Test.QuickCheck.Modifiers for generating non empty lists.