递归删除python中的文件夹

Question

I'm having a problem with deleting empty directories. Here is my code:

for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir_to_search):
    //other codes

    try:
        os.rmdir(dirpath)
    except OSError as ex:
        print(ex)

The argument dir_to_search is where I'm passing the directory where the work needs to be done. That directory looks like this:

test/20/...
test/22/...
test/25/...
test/26/...

Note that all the above folders are empty. When I run this script the folders 20 , 25 alone gets deleted! But the folders 25 and 26 aren't deleted, even though they are empty folders.

Edit:

The exception that I'm getting are:

[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/29'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/29/tmp'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/28'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/28/tmp'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/26'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/25'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/27'
[Errno 39] Directory not empty: '/home/python-user/shell-scripts/s3logs/test/2012/10/27/tmp'

Where am I making a mistake?

Answer 1

Tryshutil.rmtree :

import shutil
shutil.rmtree('/path/to/your/dir/')

Answer 2

Here's my pure pathlib recursive directory unlinker:

from pathlib import Path

def rmdir(directory):
    directory = Path(directory)
    for item in directory.iterdir():
        if item.is_dir():
            rmdir(item)
        else:
            item.unlink()
    directory.rmdir()

rmdir(Path("dir/"))

Answer 3

The default behavior of os.walk() is to walk from root to leaf. Set topdown=False in os.walk() to walk from leaf to root.

Answer 4

从 Python 标准库shutil尝试rmtree()

Answer 5

better to use absolute path and import only the rmtree function from shutil import rmtree as this is a large package the above line will only import the required function.

from shutil import rmtree
rmtree('directory-absolute-path')

Answer 6

Just for the next guy searching for a micropython solution, this works purely based on os (listdir, remove, rmdir). It is neither complete (especially in errorhandling) nor fancy, it will however work in most circumstances.

def deltree(target):
    print("deltree", target)
    for d in os.listdir(target):
        try:
            deltree(target + '/' + d)
        except OSError:
            os.remove(target + '/' + d)

    os.rmdir(target)

Answer 7

The command (given by Tomek) can't delete a file, if it is read only . therefore, one can use -

import os, sys
import stat

def del_evenReadonly(action, name, exc):
    os.chmod(name, stat.S_IWRITE)
    os.remove(name)

if  os.path.exists("test/qt_env"):
    shutil.rmtree('test/qt_env',onerror=del_evenReadonly)

Answer 8

Here is a recursive solution:

def clear_folder(dir):
    if os.path.exists(dir):
        for the_file in os.listdir(dir):
            file_path = os.path.join(dir, the_file)
            try:
                if os.path.isfile(file_path):
                    os.unlink(file_path)
                else:
                    clear_folder(file_path)
                    os.rmdir(file_path)
            except Exception as e:
                print(e)

Answer 9

The command os.removedirs is the tool for the job, if you are only looking for a single path to delete, eg:

os.removedirs("a/b/c/empty1/empty2/empty3")

will remove empty1/empty2/empty3 , but leave a/b/c (presuming that c has some other contents).

    removedirs(name)
        removedirs(name)
        
        Super-rmdir; remove a leaf directory and all empty intermediate
        ones.  Works like rmdir except that, if the leaf directory is
        successfully removed, directories corresponding to rightmost path
        segments will be pruned away until either the whole path is
        consumed or an error occurs.  Errors during this latter phase are
        ignored -- they generally mean that a directory was not empty.

Answer 10

Here's another pure-pathlib solution , but without recursion:

from pathlib import Path
from typing import Union

def del_empty_dirs(base: Union[Path, str]):
    base = Path(base)
    for p in sorted(base.glob('**/*'), reverse=True):
        if p.is_dir():
            p.chmod(0o666)
            p.rmdir()
        else:
            raise RuntimeError(f'{p.parent} is not empty!')
    base.rmdir()

Answer 11

Here is a pythonic and recursion-less solution

>>> for e in sorted(p.rglob('**/*'), key=lambda v: v.is_dir()):
...     try:
...         e.unlink()
...     except IsADirectoryError:
...         e.rmdir()

The rglob() gives you all files and directories recursively in the path p . The sorted() with its key argument takes care that the result is ordered by files first and directories at the end. This makes it possible to make all directories empty with deleting their files first.

The try...except... part prevents you from using cheap if statements.

Answer 12

path = "C:\\Personal"
ls = [x[0] for x in os.walk(path)][::-1]
for i in ls:
    if os.path.isdir(i):
        if not os.listdir(i):
            os.rmdir(i)

Answer 13

For Linux users, you can simply run the shell command in a pythonic way

import os
os.system("rm -r /home/user/folder1  /home/user/folder2  ...")

If facing any issue then instead of rm -r use rm -rf but remember f will delete the directory forcefully.

Where rm stands for remove , -r for recursively and -rf for recursively + forcefully .

Note: It doesn't matter either the directories are empty or not, they'll get deleted.