在python中将字典的值更改为字典的键

Question

I want to create a "real" dictionary: a Dutch to English dictionary with the following words: def reversTranslation(dictionary):

>>> dictionary= {'tension': ['spanning'], 'voltage': ['spanning', 'voltage']}
>>> dictionary= reverseTranslation(dictionary)
>>> dictionary
{'spanning': ['tension', 'voltage'], 'voltage': ['voltage']}

As you can see in dutch 'spanning' has two different meanings in English. Help will be appreciated.

Answer 1

Here you go:

def reverseTranslation(d):
    return dict((v1,[k for k,v in d.iteritems() if v1 in v])
                for v1 in set(sum(d.values(),[])))

Answer 2

If you are asking how to obtain that result, the most readable way is:

from collections import defaultdict

def reverse_dictionary(dictionary):
    result = defaultdict(list)
    for key, meanings in dictionary.iteritems():  #or just .items()
        for meaning in meanings:
            result[meaning].append(key)
    return result

Or you can first sum up the values and then iterate on the dictionary.

Answer 3

d= {'tension': ['spanning'], 'voltage': ['spanning', 'voltage'],'extra':['voltage']}
val = set(reduce(list.__add__,d.values()))

dict={}
for x in val:
    tmp={x:[]}
    for k,v in d.items():
        if x in v:
           tmp[x].append(k)
    dict.update(tmp)

print dict

Note: collections are available only from python 2.4 and later