如何让C＃计时器在创建它的同一个线程上执行？

Question

I want to enable IMessageFilter on an Excel Addin I have to write to excel. I have taken example from here which says:

Message filters are per-thread, so we register this thread as a message filter (not the main thread that the add-in is created on - because that's Excel's main thread

My problem is that my system writes to excel when a timer elapses which results in the writing method being called from a ThreadPool thread which breaks IMessageFilter since the excel cannot access the RetryRejectedCall part of IMessageFilter , because it lives on the caller thread rather than the executing one spawned by the timer.

So, my question is: is there a way that I can force a timer's Elapsed event to run on the same thread that initialized the timer?

EDIT:

My Question is, how do I make IMessageFilter catch excel errors when it throws reject/busy?

Thx

Answer 1

You can use Timer.SynchronizingObject property to marshal event-handler calls that are issued when an interval has elapsed.

Here's from MSDN :

When the Elapsed event is handled by a visual Windows Forms component, such as a button, accessing the component through the system-thread pool might result in an exception or just might not work. Avoid this effect by setting SynchronizingObject to a Windows Forms component, which causes the method that handles the Elapsed event to be called on the same thread that the component was created on.

Assuming you are using a WinFrom and you are creating the timer instance from within the main form:

System.Timers.Timer t = new System.Timers.Timer();
t.SynchronizingObject = this;
t.Elapsed += t_Elapsed;
t.Start();

Answer 2

The complete answer is as follows:

Problem: Class that writes data to excel unable to handle 'busy/reject' response messages from excel.

Solution: Implement IMessageFilter interface as described here

IMessageFilter Definition (from link):

namespace ExcelAddinMessageFilter
{
        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 4)]
        public struct INTERFACEINFO
        {
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)]
            public object punk;
            public Guid iid;
            public ushort wMethod;
        }

        [ComImport, ComConversionLoss, InterfaceType((short)1),
        Guid("00000016-0000-0000-C000-000000000046")]
        public interface IMessageFilter
        {
            [PreserveSig, MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall,
                MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int HandleInComingCall([In] uint dwCallType, [In] IntPtr htaskCaller,
                [In] uint dwTickCount,
                [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] INTERFACEINFO[]
                lpInterfaceInfo);

            [PreserveSig, MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall,
                MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int RetryRejectedCall([In] IntPtr htaskCallee, [In] uint dwTickCount,
                [In] uint dwRejectType);

            [PreserveSig, MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.InternalCall,
                MethodCodeType = MethodCodeType.Runtime)]
            int MessagePending([In] IntPtr htaskCallee, [In] uint dwTickCount,
                [In] uint dwPendingType);
        }
    }

IMessageFilter Implementation part of my class (see link):

#region IMessageFilter Members

        int ExcelAddinMessageFilter.IMessageFilter.
            HandleInComingCall(uint dwCallType, IntPtr htaskCaller, uint dwTickCount, ExcelAddinMessageFilter.INTERFACEINFO[] lpInterfaceInfo)
        {
            // We're the client, so we won't get HandleInComingCall calls.
            return 1;
        }

        int ExcelAddinMessageFilter.IMessageFilter.
        RetryRejectedCall(IntPtr htaskCallee, uint dwTickCount, uint dwRejectType)
        {
            // The client will get RetryRejectedCall calls when the main Excel
            // thread is blocked. We can handle this by attempting to retry
            // the operation. This will continue to fail so long as Excel is 
            // blocked.
            // As an alternative to simply retrying, we could put up
            // a dialog telling the user to close the other dialog (and the
            // new one) in order to continue - or to tell us if they want to
            // abandon this call
            // Expected return values:
            // -1: The call should be canceled. COM then returns RPC_E_CALL_REJECTED from the original method call.
            // Value >= 0 and <100: The call is to be retried immediately.
            // Value >= 100: COM will wait for this many milliseconds and then retry the call.
            return 1;
        }

        int ExcelAddinMessageFilter.IMessageFilter.
            MessagePending(IntPtr htaskCallee, uint dwTickCount, uint dwPendingType)
        {
            return 1;
        }

        #endregion

With the IMessageFilter interface defined and implemented, I setup a STA Thread and a Timers.Timer as follows:

Thread:

thread = new Thread(WriteToExcel);
thread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);

Timer:

timer = new System.Timers.Timer();
timer.Interval = 2000;
timer.Elapsed += new ElapsedEventHandler(StartSTAThread_Handler);

where StartSTAThread_Handler is defined as:

void StartSTAThread_Handler(object source, ElapsedEventArgs e)
{
     thread.Start();
     thread.Join();
     thread = null;
}

This thread calls the method I use to write to Excel and handles rejected messages with the IMessageFilter interface described above. The last thing I had to do was to fully qualify excel OM references, that is; instead of:

Excel.Range rng = app.ActiveSheet.Range["range_name"];
rng.Copy(); // ERRROR: message filter's RetryRejectedCall is NOT called

I had to use fully qualified referencing:

app.ActiveSheet.Range["range_name"].Copy // OK: calls RetryRejectedCall when excel dialog etc is showing

While this seems to work for my needs, it does seem to contradict the "two dot rule" described by another poster here ...