以HTML格式调用Google Apps脚本功能

Question

I coach a sports team and set up a website for it. I would like to add a button to an admin page which I can click to quickly send an email to everyone on the team. This email will say something like: "Today's schedule has changed, please visit the website for more info."

I am sure this could be achieved easier though a distribution list in outlook or something, but I want to use, and get a better understanding of, Google Apps Script.

I have a Google Spreadsheet with the email addresses and a simple script function which sends the email.

This works great when I click to run it inside the script editor, but is there a way to call this from an external website with a button and some JavaScript?

Answer 1

You need to create a Google UI object that you can embed in your site - you'll do this by creating a Script that you will deploy as a web app. (Refer to Google Apps Script - Web Apps .) That object will contain a button that will invoke your existing script function to send the email.

Publish your web app to execute as you. For your specific situation, you will also want to have access to the app limited to you. That will mean that the UI Blob you create will not function for the general public. This is very incomplete, but produces a blob with a single button that will trigger your script:

function doGet() {
  var app = UiApp.createApplication();

  var button = app.createButton('Send Schedule Change Email');
  app.add(button);

  var handler = app.createServerHandler('myClickHandler');
  button.addClickHandler(handler);

  return app;
}

function myClickHandler(e) {
  var app = UiApp.getActiveApplication();

  // Call your library function, e.g.
  TeamSpreadsheet.sendScheduleChanged();

  var label = app.createLabel('Message Sent')
                 .setId('statusLabel')
                 .setVisible(false);

  label.setVisible(true);

  app.close();
  return app;
}

Your web app will need to have access to your existing script, which I assume is embedded in your spreadsheet. This is accomplished by first saving a version of your existing script (File - Manage Versions), then adding it as a library to your new web app script (Resources - Manage Libraries). Read more about libraries here . Since your web app will run as you, you can keep your spreadsheet private.

Caveats

The utility script in your library will need to open your spreadsheet in a way that will work from outside of the sheet; use SpreadsheetApp.openById() , rather than SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet(). Unfortunately, openById pukes when you use it to open the host spreadsheet, so you'll want something like this:

  var ss = null;
  try {
    // This works for scripts running in the host spreadsheet
    ss = SpreadsheetApp.getActiveSpreadsheet();
  } catch(err) {
    try {
      // This works for web apps
      ss = SpreadsheetApp.openById("SPREADSHEET ID");
    } catch(err) {
      Logger.log("Could not open source spreadsheet.");
      // Well, then, not much sense carrying on, is there?
      return;
    }
  }
  SpreadsheetApp.setActiveSpreadsheet(ss);
  ...

In fact, watch for any reliance on calls to get info from "active" objects. You may need to do some gymnastics to get around them.

I've found debugging this type of arrangement to be painful, since the app-script debugger often reports "Server Errors" when you try to trace into a library routine.

I hope that helps gets you started!

Answer 2

As a complement to Mogsdad's answer (that was quite complete and interesting) I'd say that your case could be a bit simpler since you have already a working script.

Take your script and add a doGet() function like in Mogsdad example, define a handler on the button that will call your existing function you wrote to send mails, in this function replace the getActiveSpreadsheet() by SpreadsheetApp.OpenById("the ID of the SS") and the getActiveSheet() by OpenByName() and you're done with the modifications.

After that follow Mogsdad instructions : deploy the script as a webapp running as you and use the provided url to access it from a link on your site.

If you want not to take any risk, do all these changes on a copy of your original spreadsheet so you always keep a working model at hand. If you want more accurate advice (or if you meet some difficulties) feel free to show your existing script to get some help with the modifications.

PS : please consider this as a simple comment, written in an answer for the comfort of formating

Answer 3

Just publish your script as web application and upon a button click, excecute:

window.open("https://script.google.com/macros/s/<id>/exec");

Don't know if this was possible a year ago.