为什么在调用隐式类型转换构造函数后直接使用析构函数？

Question

Give the following function:

osal_allocator* SharedMemoryManager::allocator();I  

Where osal_allocator is a 'c' structure, containing function pointers.

And the a wrapper class that provides the following constructor:

Allocator::Allocator( osal_allocator* );

A function makes the following call:

001 SomeFunc( SharedMemoryManager* shm )
002 {
003    Allocator myAllocator = shm.allocator();
004
005    myAllocator.doSomething();
006
007    // stuff
008 }

The code fails with a SIG SEGV . The reason is that on line 003 the destructor for myAllocator is called immediately after its constructor is called. This means that myAllocator is invalid on line 005 , since it has been destroyed.

(Note: the default constructor is not being called and neither are any assignment operators).

If line 003 is changed to:

003    Allocator myAllocator( shm.allocator );

The function works as expected, with myAllocators 's destructor not being called until it goes out of scope.

Unfortunately I have not been able to reproduce this issue with a simple example.

I am using :

g++ (GCC) 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3)

With the following options:

c++ -MD -D__LINUX__  -g -ansi -Wall -Wextra -Wformat -Wno-format-security -Woverloaded-virtual -Iinc

Why is the compiler generating a destructor call for the first example

Answer 1

Allocator myAllocator = shm.allocator(); is copy initialization and involves the call of a conversion constructor (from a osal_allocator* ) and a copy constructor (from the temporary Allocator ). The destructor that's being called is that of the temporary Allocator object.

The crash is probably due to a missing copy constructor, or poorly implemented copy constructor in Allocator .

This is backed up by your claim that changing the initialization to

Allocator myAllocator( shm.allocator );

works - this is because there's no copy involved - the conversion constructor is called directly, no temporary object is created.

Read up on "the rule of three".

Basically, if a class requires either of a destructor, copy constructor or copy assignment operator (which is usually the case when a class manages resources), it requires all three of them .

Answer 2

With this line

Allocator myAllocator = shm.allocator();

You are doing the following operations:

1. Construct a new Allocator temporary object
2. Call the copy constructor of Allocator where the rhs is the temporary
3. Destroy the temporary object created at point 1

There are two possible operations which you din't consider and that may cause the SIG SEV: copy constructor and destructor.