使用子/子包构建包结构

Question

I'm trying to make a simple calculator in Go. I'm designing it in such a way that I can build a command-line interface first and easily swap in a GUI interface. The project location is $GOPATH/src/gocalc (all paths hereafter are relative to the project location). The command-line interface logic is stored in a file gocalc.go . The calculator logic is stored in files calcfns/calcfns.go and operations/operations.go . All files have package names identical to their filename (sans extension) except the main program, gocalc.go , which is in the package main

calcfns.go imports operations.go via import "gocalc/operations" ; gocalc.go imports calcfns.go via import "gocalc/calcfns"

To summarize:

• $GOPATH/src/gocalc/
  • gocalc.go
    • package main
    • import "gocalc/calcfns"
  • calcfns/
    • calcfns.go
      • package calcfns
      • import "gocalc/operations"
  • operations/
    • operations.go
      • package operations

When I try to go build operations (from the project dir), I get the response: can't load package: package operations: import "operations": cannot find package When I try go build gocalc/operations , I get can't load package: package gocalc/operations: import "gocalc/operations": cannot find package When I try go build operations/operations.go , it compiles fine

When I try to go build calcfns or go build gocalc/calcfns , I get can't load package... messages, similar to those in operations; however, when I try to build calcfns/calcfns.go it chokes on the import statement: import "gocalc/operations": cannot find package

Finally, when I try go build . from the project dir, it chokes similar to the previous paragraph: import "gocalc/calcfns": cannot find package

How should I structure my child packages and/or import statements in such a way that go build won't fail?

Answer 1

Stupidly, I forgot to export my GOPATH variable, so go env displayed "" for GOPATH . (thanks to jnml for suggesting to print go env ; +1).

After doing this (and moving the main program to its own folder {project-dir}/gocalc/gocalc.go ), I could build/install the program via go install gocalc/gocalc .

Moral of the story, make sure you type export GOPATH=... instead of just GOPATH=... when setting your $GOPATH environment variable

Answer 2

Please try to also add output of $ go env to provide more clues. Otherwise both the directories structure and (the shown ) import statements looks OK.

However the sentence

When I try to go build operations (from the project dir), I get the response: can't load package: package operations: import "operations": cannot find package

sounds strange. It seems to suggest you have

package operations

import "operations"

in 'operations.go', which would be the culprit then...?

Answer 3

Very easy:

Lets say I have a project/app named: golang-playground

1. Put your root dir under GOPATH/src/ , in my case GOPATH=~/go/src (run command go env to get your GOPATH ). so complete path for my app is ~/go/src/golang-playground

2. Lets say you want to use function Index() inside of file: router.go from my main.go file (which of course is on root dir). so in main.go:

    import ( ... "golang-playground/router" ) func main() { foo.Bar("/", router.Index) // Notice caps means its public outside of file }