如何在C中执行execvp ls * .txt

Question

I'm having issues execvping the *.txt wildcard, and reading this thread - exec() any command in C - indicates that it's difficult because of "globbing" issues. Is there any easy way to get around this?

Here's what I'm trying to do:

char * array[] = {"ls", "*.txt", (char *) NULL };
execvp("ls", array);

Answer 1

you could use the system command:

system("ls *.txt");

to let the shell do the globbing for you.

Answer 2

In order to answer this question you have to understand what is going on when you type ls *.txt in your terminal (emulator). When ls *.txt command is typed, it is being interpreted by the shell . The shell then performs directory listing and matches file names in the directory against *.txt pattern. Only after all of the above is done, shell prepares all of the file names as arguments and spawns a new process passing those file names as argv array to execvp call.

In order to assemble something like that yourself, look at the following Q/A:

• How to list files in a directory in a C program?
• Use fnmatch() to match file name with a shell-like wildcard pattern.
• Prepare argument list from matched file names and use vfork() and one of the exec(3) family of functions to run another program.

Alternatively, you can use system() function as @manu-fatto has suggested. But that function will do a little bit different thing — it will actually run the shell program that will evaluate ls *.txt statement which in turn will perform steps similar to one I have described above. It is likely to be less efficient and it may introduce security holes (see manual page for more details, security risk are stated under NOTES section with a suggestion not to use the above function in certain cases).

Hope it helps. Good Luck!