如何使用 Python 保存“完整网页”而不仅仅是基本的 html

Question

I am using following code to save webpage using Python:

import urllib
import sys
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = 'http://www.vodafone.de/privat/tarife/red-smartphone-tarife.html'
f = urllib.urlretrieve(url,'test.html')

Problem : This code saves html as basic html without javascripts, images etc. I want to save webpage as complete (Like we have option in browser)

Update : I am using following code now to save all the js/images/css files of webapge so that it can be saved as complete webpage but still my output html is getting saved like basic html:

import pycurl
import StringIO

c = pycurl.Curl()
c.setopt(pycurl.URL, "http://www.vodafone.de/privat/tarife/red-smartphone-tarife.html")

b = StringIO.StringIO()
c.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, b.write)
c.setopt(pycurl.FOLLOWLOCATION, 1)
c.setopt(pycurl.MAXREDIRS, 5)
c.perform()
html = b.getvalue()
#print html
fh = open("file.html", "w")
fh.write(html)
fh.close()

Answer 1

Try emulating your browser with selenium . This script will pop up the save as dialog for the webpage. You will still have to figure out how to emulate pressing enter for download to start as the file dialog is out of selenium's reach (how you do it is also OS dependent).

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

br = webdriver.Firefox()
br.get('http://www.google.com/')

save_me = ActionChains(br).key_down(Keys.CONTROL)\
         .key_down('s').key_up(Keys.CONTROL).key_up('s')
save_me.perform()

Also I think following @Amber suggestion of grabbing the the linked resources may be a simpler, thus a better solution. Still, I think using selenium is a good starting point as br.page_source will get you the entire dom along with the dynamic content generated by javascript.

Answer 2

You can easily do that with simple python library pywebcopy.

For Current version: 5.0.1

from pywebcopy import save_webpage

url = 'http://some-site.com/some-page.html'
download_folder = '/path/to/downloads/'    

kwargs = {'bypass_robots': True, 'project_name': 'recognisable-name'}

save_webpage(url, download_folder, **kwargs)

You will have html, css, js all at your download_folder. Completely working like original site.

Answer 3

To get the script above by @rajatomar788 to run, I had to do all of the following imports first:

To run pywebcopy you will need to install the following packages:

pip install pywebcopy 
pip install pyquery
pip install w3lib
pip install parse 
pip install lxml

After that it worked with a few errors, but I did get the folder filled with the files that make up the webpage.

webpage    - INFO     - Starting save_assets Action on url: 'http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/teaching/courses/ml1-2016.html'
webpage    - Level 100 - Queueing download of <89> asset files.
Exception in thread <Element(LinkTag, file:///++resource++images/favicon2.ico)>:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 917, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\threading.py", line 865, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pywebcopy\elements.py", line 312, in run
    super(LinkTag, self).run()
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pywebcopy\elements.py", line 58, in run
    self.download_file()
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pywebcopy\elements.py", line 107, in download_file
    req = SESSION.get(url, stream=True)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\pywebcopy\configs.py", line 244, in get
    return super(AccessAwareSession, self).get(url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 546, in get
    return self.request('GET', url, **kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 533, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 640, in send
    adapter = self.get_adapter(url=request.url)
  File "C:\ProgramData\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 731, in get_adapter
    raise InvalidSchema("No connection adapters were found for '%s'" % url)
requests.exceptions.InvalidSchema: No connection adapters were found for 'file:///++resource++images/favicon2.ico'

webpage    - INFO     - Starting save_html Action on url: 'http://www.gatsby.ucl.ac.uk/teaching/courses/ml1-2016.html'

Answer 4

Try saveFullHtmlPage bellow or adapt it.

Will save a modified *.html and save javascripts, css and images based on the tags script, link and img (tags_inner dict keys) on a folder _files .

import os, sys, re
import requests
from urllib.parse import urljoin
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def saveFullHtmlPage(url, pagepath='page', session=requests.Session(), html=None):
    """Save web page html and supported contents        
        * pagepath : path-to-page   
        It will create a file  `'path-to-page'.html` and a folder `'path-to-page'_files`
    """
    def savenRename(soup, pagefolder, session, url, tag, inner):
        if not os.path.exists(pagefolder): # create only once
            os.mkdir(pagefolder)
        for res in soup.findAll(tag):   # images, css, etc..
            if res.has_attr(inner): # check inner tag (file object) MUST exists  
                try:
                    filename, ext = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(res[inner])) # get name and extension
                    filename = re.sub('\W+', '', filename) + ext # clean special chars from name
                    fileurl = urljoin(url, res.get(inner))
                    filepath = os.path.join(pagefolder, filename)
                    # rename html ref so can move html and folder of files anywhere
                    res[inner] = os.path.join(os.path.basename(pagefolder), filename)
                    if not os.path.isfile(filepath): # was not downloaded
                        with open(filepath, 'wb') as file:
                            filebin = session.get(fileurl)
                            file.write(filebin.content)
                except Exception as exc:
                    print(exc, file=sys.stderr)
    if not html:
        html = session.get(url).text
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")
    path, _ = os.path.splitext(pagepath)
    pagefolder = path+'_files' # page contents folder
    tags_inner = {'img': 'src', 'link': 'href', 'script': 'src'} # tag&inner tags to grab
    for tag, inner in tags_inner.items(): # saves resource files and rename refs
        savenRename(soup, pagefolder, session, url, tag, inner)
    with open(path+'.html', 'wb') as file: # saves modified html doc
        file.write(soup.prettify('utf-8'))

Example saving google.com as google.html and contents on google_files folder. ( current folder )

saveFullHtmlPage('https://www.google.com', 'google')