[英]How to detect incoming calls, in an Android device?
我正在尝试制作一个应用程序,例如,当电话打到我想检测号码时。 以下是我尝试过的,但它没有检测到来电。
我想在后台运行我的MainActivity
,我该怎么做?
我已经在manifest
文件中给予了许可。
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
我还应该在清单中提供什么吗?
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.test_layout);
}
public class myPhoneStateChangeListener extends PhoneStateListener {
@Override
public void onCallStateChanged(int state, String incomingNumber) {
super.onCallStateChanged(state, incomingNumber);
if (state == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING) {
String phoneNumber = incomingNumber;
}
}
}
}
这是我用来执行此操作的方法:
显现:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>
<!--This part is inside the application-->
<receiver android:name=".CallReceiver" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
我的基本可重用呼叫检测器
package com.gabesechan.android.reusable.receivers;
import java.util.Date;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
public abstract class PhonecallReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
//The receiver will be recreated whenever android feels like it. We need a static variable to remember data between instantiations
private static int lastState = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE;
private static Date callStartTime;
private static boolean isIncoming;
private static String savedNumber; //because the passed incoming is only valid in ringing
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//We listen to two intents. The new outgoing call only tells us of an outgoing call. We use it to get the number.
if (intent.getAction().equals("android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL")) {
savedNumber = intent.getExtras().getString("android.intent.extra.PHONE_NUMBER");
}
else{
String stateStr = intent.getExtras().getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
String number = intent.getExtras().getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
int state = 0;
if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE)){
state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE;
}
else if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK)){
state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK;
}
else if(stateStr.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)){
state = TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING;
}
onCallStateChanged(context, state, number);
}
}
//Derived classes should override these to respond to specific events of interest
protected abstract void onIncomingCallReceived(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
protected abstract void onIncomingCallAnswered(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
protected abstract void onIncomingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end);
protected abstract void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
protected abstract void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end);
protected abstract void onMissedCall(Context ctx, String number, Date start);
//Deals with actual events
//Incoming call- goes from IDLE to RINGING when it rings, to OFFHOOK when it's answered, to IDLE when its hung up
//Outgoing call- goes from IDLE to OFFHOOK when it dials out, to IDLE when hung up
public void onCallStateChanged(Context context, int state, String number) {
if(lastState == state){
//No change, debounce extras
return;
}
switch (state) {
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
isIncoming = true;
callStartTime = new Date();
savedNumber = number;
onIncomingCallReceived(context, number, callStartTime);
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
//Transition of ringing->offhook are pickups of incoming calls. Nothing done on them
if(lastState != TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING){
isIncoming = false;
callStartTime = new Date();
onOutgoingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
}
else
{
isIncoming = true;
callStartTime = new Date();
onIncomingCallAnswered(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
}
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
//Went to idle- this is the end of a call. What type depends on previous state(s)
if(lastState == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING){
//Ring but no pickup- a miss
onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
}
else if(isIncoming){
onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
}
else{
onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
}
break;
}
lastState = state;
}
}
然后要使用它,只需从中派生一个类并实现一些简单的函数,无论您关心哪种调用类型:
public class CallReceiver extends PhonecallReceiver {
@Override
protected void onIncomingCallReceived(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
{
//
}
@Override
protected void onIncomingCallAnswered(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
{
//
}
@Override
protected void onIncomingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end)
{
//
}
@Override
protected void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
{
//
}
@Override
protected void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context ctx, String number, Date start, Date end)
{
//
}
@Override
protected void onMissedCall(Context ctx, String number, Date start)
{
//
}
}
此外,您可以在我的博客上看到我写的一篇关于为什么代码像它一样的文章。 要点链接: https : //gist.github.com/ftvs/e61ccb039f511eb288ee
编辑:更新为更简单的代码,因为我已经重新编写了该类供我自己使用
private MyPhoneStateListener phoneStateListener = new MyPhoneStateListener();
注册
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE);
并取消注册
TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_NONE);
使用 Android P - Api Level 28: 您需要获得 READ_CALL_LOG 权限
限制访问通话记录
Android P 将CALL_LOG
、 READ_CALL_LOG
、 WRITE_CALL_LOG
和PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
权限从PHONE
权限组移动到新的CALL_LOG
权限组。 该组使用户可以更好地控制和查看需要访问有关电话的敏感信息的应用程序,例如阅读电话记录和识别电话号码。
要从 PHONE_STATE 意图操作读取数字,您需要READ_CALL_LOG
权限和READ_PHONE_STATE
权限。 要从onCallStateChanged()
读取数字,您现在只需要READ_CALL_LOG
权限。 您不再需要READ_PHONE_STATE
权限。
更新:除非您明确要求用户授予必要的权限,否则Gabe Sechan发布的非常棒的代码不再有效。 以下是一些代码,您可以将其放置在主要活动中以请求这些权限:
if (getApplicationContext().checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Permission has not been granted, therefore prompt the user to grant permission
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_PHONE_STATE);
}
if (getApplicationContext().checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Permission has not been granted, therefore prompt the user to grant permission
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS);
}
另外:正如有人在Gabe 的帖子下方的评论中提到的那样,您必须向接收器添加一小段代码android:enabled="true
,以便在应用程序当前未在前台运行时检测来电:
<!--This part is inside the application-->
<receiver android:name=".CallReceiver" android:enabled="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE" />
</intent-filter>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
只是为了更新 Gabe Sechan 的回答。 如果您的清单请求对 READ_CALL_LOG 和 READ_PHONE_STATE 的权限,则 onReceive 将调用TWICE 。 其中一个包含 EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER,另一个没有。 您必须测试哪个拥有它并且它可以以任何顺序发生。
这可能会帮助您并添加需要权限
public class PhoneListener extends PhoneStateListener
{
private Context context;
public static String getincomno;
public PhoneListener(Context c) {
Log.i("CallRecorder", "PhoneListener constructor");
context = c;
}
public void onCallStateChanged (int state, String incomingNumber)
{
if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(incomingNumber)){
// here for Outgoing number make null to get incoming number
CallBroadcastReceiver.numberToCall = null;
getincomno = incomingNumber;
}
switch (state) {
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
Log.d("CallRecorder", "CALL_STATE_RINGING");
break;
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
break;
}
}
}
这是一个简单的方法,可以避免使用PhonestateListener
和其他并发症。
所以在这里我们从 android 接收 3 个事件,例如RINGING
、 OFFHOOK
和IDLE
。 为了获得所有可能的呼叫状态,我们需要定义我们自己的状态,如RINGING
、 OFFHOOK
、 IDLE
、 FIRST_CALL_RINGING
、 SECOND_CALL_RINGING
。 它可以处理电话中的每个状态。
请以某种方式考虑我们正在从 android 接收事件,我们将定义我们的通话状态。 查看代码。
public class CallListening extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String TAG ="broadcast_intent";
public static String incoming_number;
private String current_state,previus_state,event;
public static Boolean dialog= false;
private Context context;
private SharedPreferences sp,sp1;
private SharedPreferences.Editor spEditor,spEditor1;
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
//Log.d("intent_log", "Intent" + intent);
dialog=true;
this.context = context;
event = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
incoming_number = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
Log.d(TAG, "The received event : "+event+", incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
previus_state = getCallState(context);
current_state = "IDLE";
if(incoming_number!=null){
updateIncomingNumber(incoming_number,context);
}else {
incoming_number=getIncomingNumber(context);
}
switch (event) {
case "RINGING":
Log.d(TAG, "State : Ringing, incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
if((previus_state.equals("IDLE")) || (previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING"))){
current_state ="FIRST_CALL_RINGING";
}
if((previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK"))||(previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING"))){
current_state = "SECOND_CALL_RINGING";
}
break;
case "OFFHOOK":
Log.d(TAG, "State : offhook, incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
if((previus_state.equals("IDLE")) ||(previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING")) || previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK")){
current_state = "OFFHOOK";
}
if(previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING")){
current_state ="OFFHOOK";
startDialog(context);
}
break;
case "IDLE":
Log.d(TAG, "State : idle and incoming_number : " + incoming_number);
if((previus_state.equals("OFFHOOK")) || (previus_state.equals("SECOND_CALL_RINGING")) || (previus_state.equals("IDLE"))){
current_state="IDLE";
}
if(previus_state.equals("FIRST_CALL_RINGING")){
current_state = "IDLE";
startDialog(context);
}
updateIncomingNumber("no_number",context);
Log.d(TAG,"stored incoming number flushed");
break;
}
if(!current_state.equals(previus_state)){
Log.d(TAG, "Updating state from "+previus_state +" to "+current_state);
updateCallState(current_state,context);
}
}
public void startDialog(Context context) {
Log.d(TAG,"Starting Dialog box");
Intent intent1 = new Intent(context, NotifyHangup.class);
intent1.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
context.startActivity(intent1);
}
public void updateCallState(String state,Context context){
sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
spEditor = sp.edit();
spEditor.putString("call_state", state);
spEditor.commit();
Log.d(TAG, "state updated");
}
public void updateIncomingNumber(String inc_num,Context context){
sp = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
spEditor = sp.edit();
spEditor.putString("inc_num", inc_num);
spEditor.commit();
Log.d(TAG, "incoming number updated");
}
public String getCallState(Context context){
sp1 = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
String st =sp1.getString("call_state", "IDLE");
Log.d(TAG,"get previous state as :"+st);
return st;
}
public String getIncomingNumber(Context context){
sp1 = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
String st =sp1.getString("inc_num", "no_num");
Log.d(TAG,"get incoming number as :"+st);
return st;
}
}
@Gabe Sechan,感谢您的代码。 除了onOutgoingCallEnded()
之外,它工作正常。 它永远不会被执行。 测试手机是三星 S5 和 Trendy。 我认为有2个错误。
1:缺少一对括号。
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
// Went to idle- this is the end of a call. What type depends on previous state(s)
if (lastState == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING) {
// Ring but no pickup- a miss
onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
} else {
// this one is missing
if(isIncoming){
onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
} else {
onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
}
}
// this one is missing
break;
2: lastState
如果在函数的末尾,则不会被state
更新。 它应该被替换为这个函数的第一行
public void onCallStateChanged(Context context, int state, String number) {
int lastStateTemp = lastState;
lastState = state;
// todo replace all the "lastState" by lastStateTemp from here.
if (lastStateTemp == state) {
//No change, debounce extras
return;
}
//....
}
另外,我已按照您的建议将lastState
和savedNumber
放入共享首选项中。
刚刚通过上述更改对其进行了测试。 至少在我的手机上修复了错误。
请使用以下代码。 它将帮助您获取具有其他呼叫详细信息的来电号码。
活动_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/call"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_centerVertical="true"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
</RelativeLayout>
主活动.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final int MISSED_CALL_TYPE = 0;
private TextView txtcall;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
txtcall = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.call);
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
Cursor managedCursor = managedQuery(CallLog.Calls.CONTENT_URI, null,
null, null, null);
int number = managedCursor.getColumnIndex(CallLog.Calls.NUMBER);
int type = managedCursor.getColumnIndex(CallLog.Calls.TYPE);
int date = managedCursor.getColumnIndex(CallLog.Calls.DATE);
int duration = managedCursor.getColumnIndex(CallLog.Calls.DURATION);
sb.append("Call Details :");
while (managedCursor.moveToNext()) {
String phNumber = managedCursor.getString(number);
String callType = managedCursor.getString(type);
String callDate = managedCursor.getString(date);
Date callDayTime = new Date(Long.valueOf(callDate));
String callDuration = managedCursor.getString(duration);
String dir = null;
int dircode = Integer.parseInt(callType);
switch (dircode) {
case CallLog.Calls.OUTGOING_TYPE:
dir = "OUTGOING";
break;
case CallLog.Calls.INCOMING_TYPE:
dir = "INCOMING";
break;
case CallLog.Calls.MISSED_TYPE:
dir = "MISSED";
break;
}
sb.append("\nPhone Number:--- " + phNumber + " \nCall Type:--- "
+ dir + " \nCall Date:--- " + callDayTime
+ " \nCall duration in sec :--- " + callDuration);
sb.append("\n----------------------------------");
}
managedCursor.close();
txtcall.setText(sb);
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.activity_main, menu);
return true;
}
}
并在您的清单请求中获得以下权限:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_LOGS"/>
您需要一个用于ACTION_PHONE_STATE_CHANGED
的 BroadcastReceiver 这将在电话状态从空闲、振铃、摘机等状态从以前的值和新值变化时调用您的接收器,您可以检测到这是否是传入/传出呼叫。
所需的权限是:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
但是,如果您还想在该广播中接收 EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER,则需要另一个权限:“android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG”
代码是这样的:
val receiver: BroadcastReceiver = object : BroadcastReceiver() {
override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
Log.d(TAG, "onReceive")
}
}
override fun onResume() {
val filter = IntentFilter()
filter.addAction("android.intent.action.PHONE_STATE")
registerReceiver(receiver, filter)
super.onResume()
}
override fun onPause() {
unregisterReceiver(receiver)
super.onPause()
}
在接收器类中,我们可以通过读取意图来获取当前状态,如下所示:
intent.extras["state"]
额外的结果可能是:
RINGING -> 如果您的电话正在响铃
摘机 -> 如果您正在与某人通话(来电或来电)
空闲 -> 如果通话结束(来电或来电)
使用 PHONE_STATE 广播,我们不需要使用 PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS 权限或弃用的 NEW_OUTGOING_CALL 操作。
我修复了Gabe Sechan 的答案,我使用了以下代码并且它工作正常。 我注意到当接收者意图具有“ incoming_number ”键时,我可以获得电话号码。 所以我过滤了传入的意图并使用EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER和EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER来获取电话号码。
public class ChangeCallStateListener extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static String lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
private static Date callStartTime;
private static boolean isIncoming;
private static String savedNumber; //because the passed incoming is only valid in ringing
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.d("CallObserver", "CallReceiver is starting ....");
List<String> keyList = new ArrayList<>();
Bundle bundle = intent.getExtras();
if (bundle != null) {
keyList = new ArrayList<>(bundle.keySet());
Log.e("CallObserver", "keys : " + keyList);
}
if (keyList.contains("incoming_number")) {
String phoneState = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE);
String phoneIncomingNumber = intent.getStringExtra(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
String phoneOutgoingNumber = intent.getStringExtra(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
String phoneNumber = phoneOutgoingNumber != null ? phoneOutgoingNumber : (phoneIncomingNumber != null ? phoneIncomingNumber : "");
if (phoneState != null && phoneNumber != null) {
if (lastState.equals(phoneState)) {
//No change, debounce extras
return;
}
Log.e("CallObserver", "phoneState = " + phoneState);
if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING.equals(phoneState)) {
isIncoming = true;
callStartTime = new Date();
//
lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING;
if (phoneNumber != null) {
savedNumber = phoneNumber;
}
onIncomingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
} else if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE.equals(phoneState)) {
if (lastState.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)) {
//
lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
onMissedCall(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
} else {
if (isIncoming) {
//
lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
onIncomingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
} else {
//
lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_IDLE;
Log.d("CallObserver", "onOutgoingCallEnded called !! : ");
onOutgoingCallEnded(context, savedNumber, callStartTime, new Date());
}
}
} else if (TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK.equals(phoneState)) {
if (lastState.equals(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_RINGING)) {
isIncoming = true;
} else {
isIncoming = false;
}
callStartTime = new Date();
savedNumber = phoneNumber;
//
lastState = TelephonyManager.EXTRA_STATE_OFFHOOK;
onOutgoingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
}
}
}
}
protected void onIncomingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start) {
Log.d("CallObserver", "onIncomingCallStarted : " + " number is : " + number);
}
protected void onOutgoingCallStarted(Context ctx, String number, Date start) {
Log.d("CallObserver", "onOutgoingCallStarted : " + " number is : " + number);
}
protected void onIncomingCallEnded(Context context, String number, Date start, Date end) {
}
protected void onOutgoingCallEnded(Context context , String number, Date start, Date end) {
}
protected void onMissedCall(Context context, String number, Date start) {
}
}
不要忘记获得运行时许可。
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
请参阅Gabe Sechan<\/a>的答案。 如前所述,在拨出呼叫的情况下,我们有以下状态更改:IDLE -> OFFHOOK -> IDLE。 在 Gabe 的原始答案中,仅当电话状态变为 RINGING 时才设置
savedNumber<\/code> ,这对于拨出呼叫不是真的。
当电话状态变为 OFFHOOK 时,还设置
savedNumber<\/code>一个小修复:
case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
if(lastState != TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING){
//IDLE to OFFHOOK for example.
isIncoming = false;
callStartTime = new Date();
savedNumber = number;
onOutgoingCallStarted(context, savedNumber, callStartTime);
}
...
声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.