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如何在不获取 xmlns="..." 的情况下将对象序列化为 XML?

[英]How to serialize an object to XML without getting xmlns=“…”?

有没有办法让我在 .NET 中序列化一个对象,而没有 XML 命名空间也自动序列化? 似乎默认情况下 .NET 认为应该包含 XSI 和 XSD 命名空间,但我不希望它们存在。

啊……没关系。 总是在提出问题后进行搜索才能得出答案。 我正在序列化的对象是obj并且已经定义。 将带有单个空命名空间的 XMLSerializerNamespace 添加到集合中即可。

在 VB 中是这样的:

Dim xs As New XmlSerializer(GetType(cEmploymentDetail))
Dim ns As New XmlSerializerNamespaces()
ns.Add("", "")

Dim settings As New XmlWriterSettings()
settings.OmitXmlDeclaration = True

Using ms As New MemoryStream(), _
    sw As XmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(ms, settings), _
    sr As New StreamReader(ms)
xs.Serialize(sw, obj, ns)
ms.Position = 0
Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd())
End Using

在 C# 中是这样的:

//Create our own namespaces for the output
XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();

//Add an empty namespace and empty value
ns.Add("", "");

//Create the serializer
XmlSerializer slz = new XmlSerializer(someType);

//Serialize the object with our own namespaces (notice the overload)
slz.Serialize(myXmlTextWriter, someObject, ns);

如果你想摆脱额外的xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" ,但仍然保留您自己的命名空间xmlns="http://schemas.YourCompany.com/YourSchema/" ,除了这个简单的更改外,您使用与上面相同的代码:

//  Add lib namespace with empty prefix  
ns.Add("", "http://schemas.YourCompany.com/YourSchema/");   

如果您想删除命名空间,您可能还想删除版本,为了节省您的搜索时间,我添加了该功能,因此下面的代码将同时执行这两项操作。

我还用通用方法将它包装起来,因为我正在创建非常大的 xml 文件,这些文件太大而无法在内存中进行序列化,因此我将输出文件分解并将其序列化为较小的“块”:

    public static string XmlSerialize<T>(T entity) where T : class
    {
        // removes version
        XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
        settings.OmitXmlDeclaration = true;

        XmlSerializer xsSubmit = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        using (StringWriter sw = new StringWriter())
        using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create(sw, settings))
        {
            // removes namespace
            var xmlns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
            xmlns.Add(string.Empty, string.Empty);

            xsSubmit.Serialize(writer, entity, xmlns);
            return sw.ToString(); // Your XML
        }
    }

我建议这个助手类:

public static class Xml
{
    #region Fields

    private static readonly XmlWriterSettings WriterSettings = new XmlWriterSettings {OmitXmlDeclaration = true, Indent = true};
    private static readonly XmlSerializerNamespaces Namespaces = new XmlSerializerNamespaces(new[] {new XmlQualifiedName("", "")});

    #endregion

    #region Methods

    public static string Serialize(object obj)
    {
        if (obj == null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        return DoSerialize(obj);
    }

    private static string DoSerialize(object obj)
    {
        using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
        using (var writer = XmlWriter.Create(ms, WriterSettings))
        {
            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
            serializer.Serialize(writer, obj, Namespaces);
            return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray());
        }
    }

    public static T Deserialize<T>(string data)
        where T : class
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data))
        {
            return null;
        }

        return DoDeserialize<T>(data);
    }

    private static T DoDeserialize<T>(string data) where T : class
    {
        using (var ms = new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(data)))
        {
            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof (T));
            return (T) serializer.Deserialize(ms);
        }
    }

    #endregion
}

:)

如果您无法摆脱每个元素的额外 xmlns 属性,则在从生成的类序列化为 xml 时(例如:使用xsd.exe时),您将获得类似以下内容:

<manyElementWith xmlns="urn:names:specification:schema:xsd:one" />

然后我会与你分享对我有用的东西(以前的答案和我在这里找到的东西的混合)

显式设置所有不同的 xmlns 如下:

Dim xmlns = New XmlSerializerNamespaces()
xmlns.Add("one", "urn:names:specification:schema:xsd:one")
xmlns.Add("two",  "urn:names:specification:schema:xsd:two")
xmlns.Add("three",  "urn:names:specification:schema:xsd:three")

然后将其传递给序列化

serializer.Serialize(writer, object, xmlns);

您将在根元素中声明三个命名空间,并且不再需要在其他元素中生成相应的前缀

<root xmlns:one="urn:names:specification:schema:xsd:one" ... />
   <one:Element />
   <two:ElementFromAnotherNameSpace /> ...
        XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings
        {
            OmitXmlDeclaration = true
        };

        XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
        ns.Add("", "");

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

        XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(BankingDetails));

        using (XmlWriter xw = XmlWriter.Create(sb, settings))
        {
            xs.Serialize(xw, model, ns);
            xw.Flush();
            return sb.ToString();
        }

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