VBA 检查文件是否存在

Question

我有这个代码。 它应该检查文件是否存在，如果存在则打开它。 如果文件存在，它就可以工作；但是，如果文件不存在，每当我将文本框留空并单击提交按钮时，它就会失败。 如果文本框为空，我想要的是显示错误消息，就像文件不存在一样。

运行时错误“1004”

Dim File As String
File = TextBox1.Value
Dim DirFile As String

DirFile = "C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\" & File
If Dir(DirFile) = "" Then
  MsgBox "File does not exist"
Else
    Workbooks.Open Filename:=DirFile
End If

Answer 1

像这样的东西

最好使用工作簿变量来提供对打开的工作簿的进一步控制（如果需要）

更新以测试该文件名是一个实际的工作簿 - 这也使初始检查变得多余，除了向用户发送消息而不是文本框为空

Dim strFile As String
Dim WB As Workbook
strFile = Trim(TextBox1.Value)
Dim DirFile As String
If Len(strFile) = 0 Then Exit Sub

DirFile = "C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\" & strFile
If Len(Dir(DirFile)) = 0 Then
  MsgBox "File does not exist"
Else
 On Error Resume Next
 Set WB = Workbooks.Open(DirFile)
 On Error GoTo 0
 If WB Is Nothing Then MsgBox DirFile & " is invalid", vbCritical
End If

Answer 2

我使用这个函数来检查文件是否存在：

Function IsFile(ByVal fName As String) As Boolean
'Returns TRUE if the provided name points to an existing file.
'Returns FALSE if not existing, or if it's a folder
    On Error Resume Next
    IsFile = ((GetAttr(fName) And vbDirectory) <> vbDirectory)
End Function

Answer 3

为了检查存在，还可以使用（适用于文件和文件夹） ：

Not Dir(DirFile, vbDirectory) = vbNullString

_{如果文件或目录存在，则结果为True 。}

例子：

 If Not Dir("C:\\Temp\\test.xlsx", vbDirectory) = vbNullString Then MsgBox "exists" Else MsgBox "does not exist" End If

Answer 4

一种干净而简短的方式：

Public Function IsFile(s)
    IsFile = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").FileExists(s)
End Function

Answer 5

可能是由Filename变量引起的

File = TextBox1.Value

它应该是

Filename = TextBox1.Value

Answer 6

各种 FileExists 方法的速度

我需要为我的许多项目检查文件是否存在，所以我想确定最快的选项。 我使用微型计时器代码（参见基准测试 VBA 代码）针对包含 2865 个文件的本地文件夹运行表下方的文件存在函数，以查看哪个更快。 获胜者使用了 GetAttr。 对于定义为全局的 object，使用 FSO 方法进行测试 2 的速度要快一些，但不如 GetAttr 方法快。

------------------------------------------------------
% of Fastest                Seconds       Name
------------------------------------------------------
100.00000000000%             0.0237387    Test 1 - GetAttr
7628.42784145720%            1.8108896    Test 2 - FSO (Obj Global)
8360.93687615602%            2.0522254    Test 2 - FSO (Obj in Function)
911.27399562739%             0.2163246    Test 3 - Dir
969.96844814586%             0.2302579    Test 4 - Dir$
969.75108156723%             0.2302063    Test 5 - VBA.Dir
933.82240813524%             0.2216773    Test 6 - VBA.Dir$
7810.66612746275%            1.8541506    Test 7 - Script.FSO

Function FileExistsGA(ByVal FileSpec As String) As Boolean
  ' Karl Peterson MS VB MVP
  Dim Attr As Long
  ' Guard against bad FileSpec by ignoring errors
  ' retrieving its attributes.
  On Error Resume Next
  Attr = GetAttr(FileSpec)
  If Err.Number = 0 Then
    ' No error, so something was found.
    ' If Directory attribute set, then not a file.
    FileExistsGA = Not ((Attr And vbDirectory) = vbDirectory)
  End If
End Function

Function FSOFileExists(sFilePathNameExt As String) As Boolean
    Dim fso As Object
    Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    FSOFileExists = fso.FileExists(sFilePathNameExt)
    Set fso = Nothing
End Function

Function FileExistsDir(sFilePathNameExt As String) As Boolean
    If Len(Dir(sFilePathNameExt)) > 0 Then FileExistsDir = True
End Function

Function FileExistsDirDollar(sFilePathNameExt As String) As Boolean
    If Len(Dir$(sFilePathNameExt)) > 0 Then FileExistsDirDollar = True
End Function

Function FileExistsVBADirDollar(sFilePathNameExt As String) As Boolean
    If Len(VBA.Dir$(sFilePathNameExt)) > 0 Then FileExistsVBADirDollar = True
End Function

Function FileExistsVBADir(sFilePathNameExt As String) As Boolean
    If Len(VBA.Dir(sFilePathNameExt)) > 0 Then FileExistsVBADir = True
End Function

Public Function IsFileSFSO(s)
    IsFileSFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").FileExists(s)
End Function

我意识到这并没有完全回答 OP，但提供了关于所提供的答案似乎最有效的信息。

Answer 7

我会把它扔到那里然后躲起来。 检查文件是否存在的通常原因是为了避免在尝试打开文件时出错。 如何使用错误处理程序来处理：

Function openFileTest(filePathName As String, ByRef wkBook As Workbook, _
                      errorHandlingMethod As Long) As Boolean
'Returns True if filePathName is successfully opened,
'        False otherwise.
   Dim errorNum As Long

'***************************************************************************
'  Open the file or determine that it doesn't exist.
   On Error Resume Next:
   Set wkBook = Workbooks.Open(fileName:=filePathName)
   If Err.Number <> 0 Then
      errorNum = Err.Number
      'Error while attempting to open the file. Maybe it doesn't exist?
      If Err.Number = 1004 Then
'***************************************************************************
      'File doesn't exist.
         'Better clear the error and point to the error handler before moving on.
         Err.Clear
         On Error GoTo OPENFILETEST_FAIL:
         '[Clever code here to cope with non-existant file]
         '...
         'If the problem could not be resolved, invoke the error handler.
         Err.Raise errorNum
      Else
         'No idea what the error is, but it's not due to a non-existant file
         'Invoke the error handler.
         Err.Clear
         On Error GoTo OPENFILETEST_FAIL:
         Err.Raise errorNum
      End If
   End If

   'Either the file was successfully opened or the problem was resolved.
   openFileTest = True
   Exit Function

OPENFILETEST_FAIL:
   errorNum = Err.Number
   'Presumabley the problem is not a non-existant file, so it's
   'some other error. Not sure what this would be, so...
   If errorHandlingMethod < 2 Then
      'The easy out is to clear the error, reset to the default error handler,
      'and raise the error number again.
      'This will immediately cause the code to terminate with VBA's standard
      'run time error Message box:
      errorNum = Err.Number
      Err.Clear
      On Error GoTo 0
      Err.Raise errorNum
      Exit Function

   ElseIf errorHandlingMethod = 2 Then
      'Easier debugging, generate a more informative message box, then terminate:
      MsgBox "" _
           & "Error while opening workbook." _
           & "PathName: " & filePathName & vbCrLf _
           & "Error " & errorNum & ": " & Err.Description & vbCrLf _
           , vbExclamation _
           , "Failure in function OpenFile(), IO Module"
      End

   Else
      'The calling function is ok with a false result. That is the point
      'of returning a boolean, after all.
      openFileTest = False
      Exit Function
   End If

End Function 'openFileTest()

Answer 8

这是我更新的代码。 在保存之前检查版本是否存在并保存为下一个可用版本号。

Sub SaveNewVersion()
    Dim fileName As String, index As Long, ext As String
    arr = Split(ActiveWorkbook.Name, ".")
    ext = arr(UBound(arr))

    fileName = ActiveWorkbook.FullName

    If InStr(ActiveWorkbook.Name, "_v") = 0 Then
        fileName = ActiveWorkbook.Path & "\" & Left(ActiveWorkbook.Name, InStr(ActiveWorkbook.Name, ".") - 1) & "_v1." & ext
    End If

   Do Until Len(Dir(fileName)) = 0

        index = CInt(Split(Right(fileName, Len(fileName) - InStr(fileName, "_v") - 1), ".")(0))
        index = index + 1
        fileName = Left(fileName, InStr(fileName, "_v") - 1) & "_v" & index & "." & ext

    'Debug.Print fileName
   Loop

    ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs (fileName)
End Sub

Answer 9

Function FileExists(ByRef strFileName As String) As Boolean
' TRUE if the argument is an existing file
' works with Unicode file names
    On Error Resume Next
    Dim objFSO As Object
    Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    FileExists = objFSO.FileExists(strFileName)
    On Error GoTo 0
End Function

为了使函数运行得更快，可以将 objFSO 设为全局变量，并且可以修改代码并将其保存在一个模块中，如下所示：

Option Explicit
Dim objFSO As Object
Function FileExists(ByRef strFileName As String) As Boolean
' TRUE if the argument is an existing file
' works with Unicode file names
    On Error Resume Next
    If objFSO Is Nothing Then Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
    FileExists = objFSO.FileExists(strFileName)
    On Error GoTo 0
End Function

要使strFileName成为 unicode 字符串，例如，您可以从单元格值中获取它或以特殊方式定义它，因为 Excel 的 VBE 不会以 Unicode 格式保存字符串常量。 VBE 确实支持已保存在字符串变量中的 Unicode 字符串。 您将不得不查找此内容以获取更多详细信息。

希望这对某人有帮助^_^

Answer 10

您应该设置一个条件循环来检查 TextBox1 值。

If TextBox1.value = "" then
   MsgBox "The file not exist" 
   Exit sub 'exit the macro
End If

希望对你有帮助。