在静态初始化程序中将子类添加到超类型的ConcurrentHashMap中？

Question

public class People {

    class Family extends People {

    }

}


public class Together {
    private static Collection<Family> familyList = new ArrayList<Family>();
    private static ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<People>> registry = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Collection<People>>();

    static {
        registry.put(Family.class.toString(), familyList); 
    }
}

错误信息：

The method put(String, Collection<people>) in the type Map<String,Collection<people>> is not applicable for the arguments (String, Collection<family>)

为什么我不能将familyList放入registry ？ 我认为，由于family扩展了people ，因此我应该能够将子类型放入超级类型registry 。

编辑：以上已解决。 问题的最后一部分涉及一个使用相同名称的更复杂的示例：

public class Together {
    private static ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<Family>> familyMap= new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Collection<Family>>();
    private static ConcurrentMap<String, ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<People>>> registry2 = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<People>>>();

    static {
        registry2.put(Family.class.toString(), familyMap); 
    }
}

（我已经尝试将registry2的声明更改为?extends People

现在错误是： The method put(String, ConcurrentMap<String,Collection<People>>) in the type Map<String,ConcurrentMap<String,Collection<People>>> is not applicable for the arguments (String, ConcurrentMap<String,Collection<Family>>)

Answer 1

因为Collection<family>不是Collection<people> 。 换句话说， Java集合不是协变的。

有没有办法让家人加入哈希表？

声明为Collection<people> 。

Answer 2

family可转换为people ，但是Collection<family>不可转换为Collection<people> 。
如果它是可转换的，那么您将能够不安全地将其他派生的typee添加到强制转换的集合中。

相反，您可以使用集合类型的协变视图：

ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<? extends people>>

Answer 3

尝试这个：

人.java

public class people {

    public class family extends people {

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        together t = new together();
        System.out.println(together.registry);
    }

}

Together.java

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentMap;

public class together {
    private static Collection<people.family> familyList = new ArrayList<people.family>();
    public static ConcurrentMap<String, Collection<? extends people>> registry = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, Collection<? extends people>>();

    static {
        registry.put(people.family.class.toString(), familyList);
    }

}