如何在C＃中使用WCF REST服务？

Question

我的合同细节如下。 我正在使用Json响应和请求格式，也使用POST方法。 如何编写客户端以在c＃中使用此服务。

[OperationContract()]
[WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "/RESTJson_Sample1_Sample1Add", Method = "POST", RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)]
int RESTJson_Sample1_Sample1Add(Int32 a, Int32 b, Int32 c);

Answer 1

这里我在WCF REST中有POST方法的工作代码： -

首先使用id，uname和pwd字段创建数据库表。 创建一个存储过程来插入值。

create  procedure [dbo].[sproc_Insertusers]
(
@id int out,
@uname nvarchar(50),
@pwd nvarchar(50)
)
as insert into tbl_register
(
[uname],
[pwd]
)
values
(
@uname,
@pwd
)

set @id = @@identity
return @id

创建新的WCF项目

在IService1.cs中

[ServiceContract]
    public interface IService1
    {
        [OperationContract]
        [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, UriTemplate = "user_register/{uname}/{pwd}")]
        int user_register(string uname,string pwd);
    }

在Service1.cs中

 public class Service1 : IService1
    {
        SqlConnection cn = new SqlConnection(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["iwealth_db"]);
        SqlCommand cmd;
        DataSet ds;
        SqlDataAdapter da;
        int result;
        public int user_register(string uname, string pwd)
        {
            cmd = new SqlCommand("sproc_Insertusers", cn);
            cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@uname",uname);
            cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@pwd", pwd);
            cmd.Parameters.Add("@id", SqlDbType.Int);
            cmd.Parameters["@id"].Direction = ParameterDirection.Output;//Output parameter 

            cn.Open();
            cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
            cn.Close();

            result = (int)(cmd.Parameters["@id"].Value);
            return result;//returning id 
        }
    }

在web.config中： -

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="iwealth_db"  value="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=iwealth; Trusted_Connection=true"/>      
  </appSettings>

  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.0" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="iWealthService.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehaviour">
        <!-- Service Endpoints -->
        <!-- Unless fully qualified, address is relative to base address supplied above -->
        <endpoint address ="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="iWealthService.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="web">
          <!-- 
              Upon deployment, the following identity element should be removed or replaced to reflect the 
              identity under which the deployed service runs.  If removed, WCF will infer an appropriate identity 
              automatically.
          -->
        </endpoint>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ServiceBehaviour">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="web">
          <webHttp/>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
 <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true"/>
  </system.webServer>

</configuration>

构建WCF。 现在，下面的代码是如何使用或使用此WCF服务

创建新网站

添加注册按钮以测试此WCF服务

按钮点击代码： -

 protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
//in 'sURL' paste WCF service link up to .svc and write -> /user_register/Prateek/1234 
//here user_register is service method path and Prateek and 1234 are parameters that will enter to database 


        string sURL = "http://localhost:49271/Service1.svc/user_register/Prateek/1234";

        WebRequest wrGETURL;
        wrGETURL = WebRequest.Create(sURL);
        wrGETURL.Method = "POST";
        wrGETURL.ContentType = @"application/json; charset=utf-8";
        HttpWebResponse webresponse = wrGETURL.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;

        Encoding enc = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8");
        // read response stream from response object
        StreamReader loResponseStream = new StreamReader(webresponse.GetResponseStream(), enc);
        // read string from stream data
        strResult = loResponseStream.ReadToEnd();
        // close the stream object
        loResponseStream.Close();
        // close the response object
        webresponse.Close();
        // assign the final result to text box
        Response.Write(strResult);
    }

Answer 2

要使用WCF Restful服务，不需要在Web.config中进行更改。 找到以下代码来使用WCF restful服务的POST方法。

        DataContractJsonSerializer objseria = new DataContractJsonSerializer(typeof(StudentDetails));
        MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream();
        objseria.WriteObject(mem, stu);
        string data = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(mem.ToArray(), 0, (int)mem.Length);
        WebClient webClient = new WebClient();
        webClient.Headers["Content-type"] = "application/json";
        webClient.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8;
        webClient.UploadString("http://localhost:62013/Service1.svc/ADDStudent", "POST", data);

参考链接

Answer 3

尝试如下：

   [OperationContract()]
   [WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "/RESTJson_Sample1_Sample1Add?A=a&B=b&C=c", Method = "POST",  
     RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json,   
     BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest)]
    int RESTJson_Sample1_Sample1Add(Int32 a, Int32 b, Int32 c);

       var httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("/RESTJson_Sample1_Sample1Add?A=a&B=b&C=c");
        httpWebRequest.ContentType = "text/json";
        httpWebRequest.Method = methodType;//POST/GET
        string responseText = "";
        using (var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream()))
        {
            streamWriter.Write(body);//any parameter
        }
        var httpResponse = (HttpWebResponse)httpWebRequest.GetResponse();
        using (var streamReader = new StreamReader(httpResponse.GetResponseStream()))
        {
            responseText = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
        }
        return responseText;

Answer 4

如果您想从C＃使用REST服务，可以查看RestSharp 。 请注意，使用WCF，您还可以在不同的端点上使用basicHttp绑定公开相同的方法，并使用SOAP来使用它。

您还可以查看WebChannelFactory，在本文结尾处查看此MSDN教程 。